| Haplogroup C | |
| Possible time of origin | 60,000 YBP |
| Possible place of origin | Central Asia |
| Ancestor | CZ |
| Descendants | C1, C4, C5, C7 |
|---|---|
| Defining mutations | 489 10400 14783 15043[1] |
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup C is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
Contents |
Haplogroup C is believed to have arisen somewhere between the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal some 60,000 years before present. It is a descendant of the haplogroup M.
Haplogroup C is found in Northeast Asia[2] (including Siberia). Haplogroup C is one of five mtDNA haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas,[2] the others being A, B, D, and X. The subclades C1b, C1c, C1d, and C4c are found in the first people of the Americas. C1a is found only in Asia.
In 2010, Icelandic researchers discovered a C1 lineage in their home country, estimating an introduction date of 1700 or earlier. A Native American origin for this C1e lineage is likely, but the researchers note that a European or Asian one cannot be ruled out.[3]
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup C subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.
In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Chochmingwu.
|
Evolutionary tree of Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mitochondrial Eve (L) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L0 | L1-6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CZ | D | E | G | Q | A | S | R | I | W | X | Y | |||||||||||||||||||||
| C | Z | B | F | R0 | pre-JT | P | U | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HV | JT | K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H | V | J | T | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||