HNRPK
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPK gene.[1]
This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene is located in the nucleoplasm and has three repeats of KH domains that binds to RNAs. It is distinct among other hnRNP proteins in its binding preference; it binds tenaciously to poly(C). This protein is also thought to have a role during cell cycle progession. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene but only three variants have been fully described.[2]
Interactions
HNRPK has been shown to interact with KHDRBS1,[3] PCBP2,[4] PTBP1,[4] DDX1,[5] PRMT1,[6][7] HNRNPL[4] and C-src tyrosine kinase.[8]
References
- ^ Dejgaard K, Leffers H, Rasmussen HH, Madsen P, Kruse TA, Gesser B, Nielsen H, Celis JE (Mar 1994). "Identification, molecular cloning, expression and chromosome mapping of a family of transformation upregulated hnRNP-K proteins derived by alternative splicing". J Mol Biol 236 (1): 33–48. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.1116. PMID 8107114.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: HNRPK heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3190.
- ^ Yang, Jian-Ping; Reddy Thipparthi R, Truong Ky T, Suhasini Modem, Wong-Staal Flossie (Oct. 2002). "Functional interaction of Sam68 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K". Oncogene (England) 21 (47): 7187–94. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205759. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 12370808.
- ^ a b c Kim, J H; Hahm B, Kim Y K, Choi M, Jang S K (May. 2000). "Protein-protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm". J. Mol. Biol. (ENGLAND) 298 (3): 395–405. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3687. ISSN 0022-2836. PMID 10772858.
- ^ Chen, Hui-Chin; Lin Wei-Chin, Tsay Yeou-Guang, Lee Sheng-Chung, Chang Ching-Jin (Oct. 2002). "An RNA helicase, DDX1, interacting with poly(A) RNA and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (43): 40403–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206981200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12183465.
- ^ Côté, Jocelyn; Boisvert Francois-Michel, Boulanger Marie-Chloé, Bedford Mark T, Richard Stéphane (Jan. 2003). "Sam68 RNA Binding Protein Is an In Vivo Substrate for Protein Arginine N-Methyltransferase 1". Mol. Biol. Cell (United States) 14 (1): 274–87. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-08-0484. ISSN 1059-1524. PMC 140244. PMID 12529443. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=140244.
- ^ Wada, Kazuhiro; Inoue Koichi, Hagiwara Masatoshi (Aug. 2002). "Identification of methylated proteins by protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1, PRMT1, with a new expression cloning strategy". Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Netherlands) 1591 (1–3): 1–10. doi:10.1016/S0167-4889(02)00202-1. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 12183049.
- ^ Ostareck-Lederer, Antje; Ostareck Dirk H, Cans Christophe, Neubauer Gitte, Bomsztyk Karol, Superti-Furga Giulio, Hentze Matthias W (Jul. 2002). "c-Src-Mediated Phosphorylation of hnRNP K Drives Translational Activation of Specifically Silenced mRNAs". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 22 (13): 4535–43. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.13.4535-4543.2002. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 133888. PMID 12052863. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=133888.
Further reading
- Bomsztyk K, Denisenko O, Ostrowski J (2004). "hnRNP K: one protein multiple processes". Bioessays 26 (6): 629–38. doi:10.1002/bies.20048. PMID 15170860.
- Matunis MJ, Michael WM, Dreyfuss G (1992). "Characterization and primary structure of the poly(C)-binding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex K protein". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (1): 164–71. PMC 364080. PMID 1729596. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=364080.
- Weng Z, Thomas SM, Rickles RJ, et al. (1994). "Identification of Src, Fyn, and Lyn SH3-binding proteins: implications for a function of SH3 domains". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (7): 4509–21. PMC 358823. PMID 7516469. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=358823.
- Bustelo XR, Suen KL, Michael WM, et al. (1995). "Association of the vav proto-oncogene product with poly(rC)-specific RNA-binding proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 (3): 1324–32. PMC 230356. PMID 7862126. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=230356.
- Hobert O, Jallal B, Schlessinger J, Ullrich A (1994). "Novel signaling pathway suggested by SH3 domain-mediated p95vav/heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K interaction". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (32): 20225–8. PMID 8051112.
- Aasheim HC, Loukianova T, Deggerdal A, Smeland EB (1994). "Tissue specific expression and cDNA structure of a human transcript encoding a nucleic acid binding oligo(dC) protein related to the pre-mRNA binding protein K". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (6): 959–64. doi:10.1093/nar/22.6.959. PMC 307915. PMID 8152927. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=307915.
- Buckanovich RJ, Posner JB, Darnell RB (1993). "Nova, the paraneoplastic Ri antigen, is homologous to an RNA-binding protein and is specifically expressed in the developing motor system". Neuron 11 (4): 657–72. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(93)90077-5. PMID 8398153.
- Michelotti EF, Michelotti GA, Aronsohn AI, Levens D (1996). "Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is a transcription factor". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (5): 2350–60. PMC 231223. PMID 8628302. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231223.
- Bunnell SC, Henry PA, Kolluri R, et al. (1996). "Identification of Itk/Tsk Src homology 3 domain ligands". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (41): 25646–56. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.41.25646. PMID 8810341.
- Tommerup N, Leffers H (1997). "Assignment of human KH-box-containing genes by in situ hybridization: HNRNPK maps to 9q21.32-q21.33, PCBP1 to 2p12-p13, and PCBP2 to 12q13.12-q13.13, distal to FRA12A". Genomics 32 (2): 297–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0121. PMID 8833161.
- Kai N, Mishina M, Yagi T (1997). "Molecular cloning of Fyn-associated molecules in the mouse central nervous system". J. Neurosci. Res. 48 (5): 407–24. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19970601)48:5<407::AID-JNR3>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 9185665.
- Miau LH, Chang CJ, Shen BJ, et al. (1998). "Identification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) as a repressor of C/EBPbeta-mediated gene activation". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (17): 10784–91. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.17.10784. PMID 9553145.
- Hsieh TY, Matsumoto M, Chou HC, et al. (1998). "Hepatitis C virus core protein interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (28): 17651–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.28.17651. PMID 9651361.
- Schullery DS, Ostrowski J, Denisenko ON, et al. (1999). "Regulated interaction of protein kinase Cdelta with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K protein". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (21): 15101–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.21.15101. PMID 10329716.
- Baber JL, Libutti D, Levens D, Tjandra N (1999). "High precision solution structure of the C-terminal KH domain of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, a c-myc transcription factor". J. Mol. Biol. 289 (4): 949–62. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1999.2818. PMID 10369774.
- Wadd S, Bryant H, Filhol O, et al. (1999). "The multifunctional herpes simplex virus IE63 protein interacts with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K and with casein kinase 2". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (41): 28991–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.41.28991. PMID 10506147.
- Venables JP, Elliott DJ, Makarova OV, et al. (2000). "RBMY, a probable human spermatogenesis factor, and other hnRNP G proteins interact with Tra2beta and affect splicing". Hum. Mol. Genet. 9 (5): 685–94. doi:10.1093/hmg/9.5.685. PMID 10749975.
- Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, et al. (2000). "Protein-protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm". J. Mol. Biol. 298 (3): 395–405. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3687. PMID 10772858.
- Shnyreva M, Schullery DS, Suzuki H, et al. (2000). "Interaction of two multifunctional proteins. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K and Y-box-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (20): 15498–503. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.20.15498. PMID 10809782.
|
PDB gallery
|
|
|
|
1j5k: COMPLEX OF THE KH3 DOMAIN OF HNRNP K WITH A SINGLE_STRANDED 10MER DNA OLIGONUCLEOTIDE
|
|
|
1khm: C-TERMINAL KH DOMAIN OF HNRNP K (KH3)
|
|
|
1zzi: Crystal Structure Analysis of the third KH domain of hnRNP K in complex with ssDNA
|
|
|
1zzj: Structure of the third KH domain of hnRNP K in complex with 15-mer ssDNA
|
|
|
1zzk: Crystal Structure of the third KH domain of hnRNP K at 0.95A resolution
|
|
|
|