HMGA1

High mobility group AT-hook 1
Identifiers
Symbols HMGA1; HMG-R; HMGA1A; HMGIY; MGC12816; MGC4242; MGC4854
External IDs OMIM: 600701 MGI: 96160 HomoloGene: 32332 GeneCards: HMGA1 Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 3159 15361
Ensembl ENSG00000137309 ENSMUSG00000046711
UniProt P17096 Q3TE85
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002131.3 NM_001025427
RefSeq (protein) NP_002122.1 NP_001020598
Location (UCSC) Chr 6:
34.31 – 34.32 Mb		 Chr 17:
27.28 – 27.29 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

High-mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGA1 gene.[1][2]

This gene encodes a non-histone chromatin protein involved in many cellular processes, including regulation of inducible gene transcription, integration of retroviruses into chromosomes, and the metastatic progression of cancer cells. The encoded protein preferentially binds to the minor groove of A+T-rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It has little secondary structure in solution but assumes distinct conformations when bound to substrates such as DNA or other proteins. The encoded protein is frequently acetylated and is found in the nucleus. At least seven transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]

Mice lacking their variant of HMGA1, i.e., Hmga1-/- mice, are diabetic and express low levels of the insulin receptor.[4]

Contents

Interactions

HMGA1 has been shown to interact with CEBPB[5] and Sp1 transcription factor.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Friedmann M, Holth LT, Zoghbi HY, Reeves R (Nov 1993). "Organization, inducible-expression and chromosome localization of the human HMG-I(Y) nonhistone protein gene". Nucleic Acids Res 21 (18): 4259–67. doi:10.1093/nar/21.18.4259. PMC 310059. PMID 8414980. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=310059. 
  2. ^ Reeves R, Beckerbauer L (Jun 2001). "HMGI/Y proteins: flexible regulators of transcription and chromatin structure". Biochim Biophys Acta 1519 (1-2): 13–29. PMID 11406267. 
  3. ^ "Entrez Gene: HMGA1 high mobility group AT-hook 1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3159. 
  4. ^ Robert K. Semple (2009). "From bending DNA to diabetes: the curious case of HMGA1". Journal of Biology 8 (7): 64. doi:10.1186/jbiol164. PMC 2736670. PMID 19664187. http://jbiol.com/content/8/7/64. 
  5. ^ a b Foti, Daniela; Iuliano Rodolfo, Chiefari Eusebio, Brunetti Antonio (Apr. 2003). "A nucleoprotein complex containing Sp1, C/EBP beta, and HMGI-Y controls human insulin receptor gene transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 23 (8): 2720–32. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.8.2720-2732.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 152545. PMID 12665574. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=152545. 

Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.