Ghimeş-Făget

Ghimeş-Făget
Gyimesbükk
—  Commune  —
Ghimeş-Făget
Gyimesbükk
Coordinates:
Country  Romania
County Bacău County
Area 184.85 km2 (71.4 sq mi)
Elevation 745 m (2,444 ft)
Population (2002)[1] 5,340
 • Density 28/km2 (72.5/sq mi)
Ethnicity[2]
 • Hungarians 50.93%
 • Romanians 47.22%
 • Csangos 1.32%
Language
 • Hungarian 57.50%
 • Romanian 42.39%
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal Code 607205
Area code(s) +40 234

Ghimeş-Făget (Hungarian: Gyimesbükk, Hungarian pronunciation: [’ɟimɛʃbykk] or sometimes Nagy-Gyimes) is a commune in Bacău County, Romania. It is the only commune in the county that lies in the historical region of Transylvania.

Contents

Component villages

The commune, the seat of which is Făget village, is composed of six villages:

In Romanian In Hungarian Ethnic majority
Bolovăniş Bálványospataka Romanians
Făget Bükk Hungarians
Făgetu de Sus Felsőbükk Hungarians
Ghimeş Nagy-Gyimes Hungarians
Răchitiş Rakottyástelep Romanians
Tărhăuşi Tarhavaspataka Romanians

History

The village was part of the Székely Land region of the historical Transylvania province. It was first mentioned in 1600 as Gijmes. The area of the commune belonged to Csíkszék until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when it fell within the Csík County of the Kingdom of Hungary.

The village was occupied by the Romanian army between 13 to 20 November, 1918.[3] Shortly thereafter, the Union of Transylvania with Romania was proclaimed, and the village, like the rest of Transylvania, formally passed with the Treaty of Trianon from Hungarian to Romanian control in 1920. In 1940, the Second Vienna Award granted Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the village was held by Hungary until 1944. With the Soviet occupation near the end of World War II, the Romanian administration returned and the commune's status as part of Romania was formalized in 1947.

Until 1918, it was a border village between Hungary and Romania and as such, it had an important and large railway station designed by Hungarian architect Ferenc Pfaff. The main building of the station was 102m long and 13m wide, comparable in size and elegance with the railway stations of Szeged and Fiume.

In 1950, as part of a wider administrative reform, the commune was transferred from Ciuc County to Regiunea Bacău. School education in the Hungarian language was abolished in 1965. Local teacher and school director András Deáky advocated for teaching in Hungarian and re-organized it after 1990. He also established a Hungarian language library from donations of the public.[4]

Demography

In 2002, it had a population of 5,340; out of them, 2720 were Hungarians, 2522 were Romanians and 71 were Csangos. As to religion, 58.03% of the villagers are Roman Catholics, while 41.44% of them belong to the Romanian Orthodox Church.[5]

Landmarks

External links

References

  1. ^ Romanian census data, 2002; retrieved on March 1, 2010
  2. ^ Official census 2002; retrieved on May 29, 2010
  3. ^ Olivér Fráter (2000/2). "Kisebbségkutatás(Minority studies)". Erdély román megszállása 1918-1919 (Romanian occupation of Transylvania in 1918-19)
  4. ^ János András Vistai. "Tekintő – Erdélyi Helynévkönyv". Transylvanian Toponym Book
  5. ^ Romanian census data, 2002; retrieved on May 29, 2010