| Gusev (English) Гусев (Russian) |
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Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia |
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Gusev
Location of Gusev in Kaliningrad Oblast
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kaliningrad Oblast |
| Administrative district | Gusevsky District |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
28,260 inhabitants[1] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 28,467 inhabitants[2] |
| Time zone | USZ1 (UTC+03:00)[3] |
Gusev (Russian: Гу́сев; German: Gumbinnen; Lithuanian: Gumbinė; Polish: Głąbin/Gąbin) is a town and the administrative center of Gusevsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Pissa and Krasnaya Rivers, near the border with Poland and Lithuania, east of Chernyakhovsk. Population: 28,260 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 28,467 (2002 Census);[2] 27,031 (1989 Census).[4]
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The settlement of Gumbinnen (from Lithuanian: Gumbinė: tuber) in the Duchy of Prussia was first mentioned in a 1580 deed. The village had been laid out at the behest of the Hohenzollern duke Albert of Prussia in 1545. In 1709-11, the area was devastated by the plague and had to be redeveloped under the rule of King Frederick William I of Prussia. He granted Gumbinnen town privileges in 1724 and from 1732 resettled the area with Protestant expellees from the Archbishopric of Salzburg, who had been exiled by Prince-Archbishop Count Leopold Anton von Firmian. A first church of the Salzburg Protetants was erected in 1752, rebuilt according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1840.
From 1815, the town was the capital of Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen in the Province of East Prussia during Prussian rule. Gumbinnen became part of the German Empire during the unification of Germany in 1871. The Battle of Gumbinnen, a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War I, took place nearby in August 1914 in the opening days of the war.
After Adolf Hitler and the Nazis came to power, the German government designated Gumbinnen as a military sub-region of the Königsberg military area. It was the headquarters of the 206th Depot-Abteilung.
On 21 January 1945, the Red Army occupied Gumbinnen and the Soviet Union kept control afterward. The following year, on 7 September 1946, the Soviet Union renamed it Gusev, after the Soviet Captain, Sergei Ivanovich Gusev, born in 1918 and killed in action in the battle for the town in January 1945. Gusev posthumously was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 19 April 1945.
In the 1990s in Kaliningrad Oblast was established The Yantar Special Economic Zone. Some of the zone's projects are located in Gusev, e.g. NPO CTS.
Gusev is twinned with:
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