Screenshot of Gnash 0.8.0 GTK+ GUI with test SWF file |
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| Developer(s) | Rob Savoye, Sandro Santilli, Bastiaan Jacques, Benjamin Wolsey, Zou Lunkai, Tomas Groth, Udo Giacomozzi, Hannes Mayr, John Gilmore, Markus Gothe. |
| Stable release | 0.8.9 [1] / March 19, 2011 |
| Written in | C++, GTK+ / Qt |
| Operating system | BSD, Debian, gNewSense, Microsoft Windows and Ubuntu[2] |
| Type | Media player |
| License | GNU General Public License |
| Website | gnashdev.org |
Gnash is a media player for playing SWF files. Gnash is available both as a standalone player for desktop computers and embedded device, as well as a plugin for several browsers.[3] It is part of the GNU Project and is a Free and open-source alternative to Adobe Flash Player.[4] It was developed from the GameSWF project.[5]
Gnash was first announced in late 2005[6] by software developer John Gilmore. The current maintainer is Rob Savoye.
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Writing a free software Flash player has been a priority of the GNU Project for some time.[7] Prior to the launch of Gnash, the GNU Project had asked for people to assist the GPLFlash project. The majority of the previous GPLFlash developers have now moved to the Gnash project and the existing GPLFlash codebase will be refocused towards supporting embedded systems.[8]
The primary distribution terms for Gnash are those of the GNU GPL. However since Gnash was started using the codebase of the GameSWF project, which is in the public domain, code developed by the Gnash project which might be useful in GameSWF is placed in the public domain.[9]
Adobe provides an official player for GNU/Linux on x86 and an AMD64 developer preview release in a binary-only form.[10][11] Gnash, however, can be compiled and executed on many architectures, including x86, AMD64, MIPS/IRIX, and PowerPC. It also supports BSD-based operating systems. An early port for RISC OS, which has never had Macromedia/Adobe Flash support beyond Flash 3,[12] does exist, as well as an early port for BeOS, where Flash support terminated at Version 4.[13] Development of a port to AmigaOS 4.1 has also recently begun.[14] A port to the Haiku Operating System also exists.[15]
Gnash requires one of AGG, Cairo, or OpenGL for rendering. In contrast to most GNU projects, which are typically written in C, Gnash is written in the C++ programming language because of its GameSWF heritage.[5]
Currently, Gnash can play SWF files up to version 7, and 80% of ActionScript 2.0[16].
The goal of the Gnash developers is to be as compatible as possible with the proprietary player (including behavior on bad ActionScript code). However, Gnash offers some special features not available in the Adobe player, such as the possibility to extend the ActionScript classes via shared libraries: sample extensions include MySQL support, file system access and more. For security reasons the extension mechanism must be compiled-in explicitly and enabled via configuration files.
Gnash supports playback of FLV videos and allows playing some FLV files from YouTube, MySpace, ShowMeDo and other similar websites (older files with sound – newer files without playing sound). FLV support requires FFmpeg or GStreamer to be installed on the system.[17]
Some other free-software programs, such as MPlayer,[18] VLC media player[19] or players for Windows based on the ffdshow DirectShow codecs can play back the FLV format if the file is specially downloaded or piped to it.
The version 0.8.8 was released on the 22 August 2010. Rob Savoye announced that Gnash should now work with 100% of all YouTube videos.[20] Version 0.8.8 has GPU support, pushing it ahead of the proprietary Adobe Flash Player which lacks such support in Linux.[21] Gnash still suffers from high CPU usage. A Flashblock plugin can be installed by the user, turning on the Flash support on a case-by-case, as needed basis.[22] YouTube video controls and full screen mode is functioning, although version 0.8.8 has a bug that can cause YouTube to display "Invalid parameters". Many popular Flash games do not work with Gnash 0.8.8.
The project was financially supported by a commercial company, Lulu.com[23] until July 2010.[24]
One problem for the project is the difficulty of finding developers. The current developers have never installed Adobe's Flash player, because they fear that anyone who has ever installed the Adobe Flash Player has at the same time accepted an agreement not to modify, reverse engineer or develop a competing Flash player. Therefore, the Gnash project has only about 6 active developers.[25][26][27]
Such generic clauses, however, may be against national anticompetition laws when used in normal software license agreements.
Gnash has been ported to Windows and the plugin works best with Firefox 1.0.4 or newer, and should work in any Mozilla based browser.[28] However, in newer browsers the plugin may become unstable or inoperative.
Newer Gnash binaries for Windows do not include a plugin and currently there is no newer working Gnash plugin on Windows.[29]
Lightspark is the most recent open source Flash player designed to support high performance graphics and most of ActionScript 3 code (AVM2). It will fallback on Gnash if detected on the system for any clip using ActionScript 1.0 and 2.0 code (AVM1).
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