Fasciolariidae
Fasciolariidae, common name the "tulip snails and spindle snails", is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea.
The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago during the Cretaceous [1]
Distribution
The recent species inhabit tropical to temperate waters.
Description
The shells are usually reddish in color and have a moderate to large size, reaching a height between 1.0 cm and 60 cm. The shells are spindle-shaped and biconic. The spire is elongate. The siphonal canal is well developed and is long to moderately long. The columella varies between a smooth appearance and showing spiral folds. The horny operculum has an oval shape. Their radula is characteristic with narrow central teeth with three cusps. The wide lateral teeth show numerous ctenoid (= comblike) cusps.
Snails in the family Fasciolariidae are carnivorous. They feed on other gastropods and on bivalves. Some also prey on worms and barnacles.
The snails are gonochoristic, i.e. the individuals have just one sex. The female snails deposit their eggs in horny capsules either in a single form or in clusters arranged arranged around a hollow axis. The single forms have a flattened, disk-shaped or vase-shaped form. The clusters are hemispherical or cylindrical. Development is usually direct. The larvae emerge from the capsules as free-swimming young or as crawling young.[1]
Taxonomy
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Fasciolariidae consists of three subfamilies:
- Fasciolariinae Gray, 1853
- Fusininae Wrigley, 1927 - synonyms: Fusinae Swainson, 1840 (inv.); Cyrtulidae MacDonald, 1869; Streptochetinae Cossmann, 1901
- Peristerniinae Tryon, 1880 - synonym: Latiridae Iredale, 1929
Genera
Genera in the family Fasciolariidae include (fossil genera are marked with a dagger):[2][3]
- subfamily Fasciolariinae
- Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 - type genus, the Tulip shells
- Bellifusus Stephenson, 1941 †
- Boltenella Wade, 1917 †
- Brucia Cossmann, 1920 †
- Calkota Squires & Saul, 2003
- Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 †
- Cryptorhytis Meek, 1876 †
- Drilliovoluta Cossmann, 1925 †
- Drilluta Wade, 1916 †
- Haplovoluta Wade, 1918 †
- Hercorhyncus Conrad, 1869 †
- Hylus Wade, 1917 †
- Lirofusus Conrad, 1865 †
- Mariafusus Petuch, 1988 †
- Micasarcina Squires & Saul, 2003 †
- Microcolus Cotton & Godfrey, 1932
- Mylecoma Squires & Saul, 2003 †
- Odontofusus Whitfield, 1892 †
- Paleopsephaea Wade, 1926 †
- Parafusus Wade, 1918 †
- Perse B.L. Clark, 1918 †
- Piestochilus Meek, 1864 †
- Plectocion Stewart, 1927 †
- Pleia Finlay, 1930
- Pleuroploca P. Fischer, 1884
- Saginafusus Iredale, 1931
- Scobina Wade, 1917 †
- Serrifusus Meek, 1876 †
- Skyles Saul & Popenoe, 1993 †
- Terebraspira Conrad, 1862 †
- Trichifusus Bandel, 2000 †
- Triplofusus Olsson & Harbison, 1953
- Wadia Cossmann, 1920 †
- Whitneyella Stewart, 1927 †
- Woodsella Wade, 1926 †
- subfamily Fusininae
- Fusus Bruguière, 1789 : synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
- Africolithes Eames, 1957 †
- Amiantofusus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007
- Austrolithes Finlay, 1931 †
- Chiralithes Olsson, 1930 †
- Chryseofusus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003
- Clavellofusus Grabau, 1904 †
- Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 †
- Cosmolithes Grabau, 1904 †
- Cyrtulus Hinds, 1843 - Cyrtulus serotinus Hinds, 1843
- Falsicolus Finlay, 1930
- Falsifusus Grabau, 1904 †
- Fredenia Cadée & Janssen, 1994 †
- Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 - type genus of the subfamily Fusininae
- Gemmocolus Maxwell, 1992 †
- Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954
- Harasewychia Petuch, 1987
- Heilprinia Grabau, 1904 : synonym of Fusinus
- Helolithus Agassiz, 1846 †
- Lepidocolus Maxwell, 1992 †
- Liracolus Maxwell, 1992 †
- Mancorus Olsson, 1931 †
- Ollaphon Iredale, 1929
- Perulithes Olsson, 1930 †
- Priscofusus Conrad, 1865 †
- Profusinus Bandel, 2000 †
- Propefusus Iredale, 1924 : synonym of Fusinus
- Pseudaptyxis Petuch, 1988 †
- Pullincola de Gregorio, 1894 †
- Remera Stephenson, 1941 †
- Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 †
- Simplicifusus Kira, 1972
- Solutofusus Pritchard, 1898 †
- Spirilla Agassiz, 1842 †
- Streptocarina Hinsch, 1977 †
- Streptochetus Cossmann, 1889 †
- Streptodictyon Tembrock, 1961 †
- Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 †
- Tectifusus Tate, 1893 †
- Trophonofusus Kuroda & Habe, 1971
- Turrispira Conrad, 1866 †
- subfamily Peristerniinae
- Peristernia Mörch, 1852 - type genus of the subfamily Peristerniinae
- Aptycholathyrus Cossman & Pissarro, 1905 †
- Ascolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
- Benimakia Habe, 1958
- Brocchitas Finlay, 1927 †
- Bullockus Lyons & Snyder, 2008
- Dennantia Tate, 1888 †
- Dentifusus Vermeij & Rosenberg, 2003
- Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1886
- Eolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
- Exilifusus Conrad, 1865 †
- Fractolatirus Iredale, 1936
- Fusolatirus Kuroda & Habe, 1971
- Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
- Lathyropsis Oostingh, 1939 †
- Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889
- Latirogona Laws, 1944 †
- Latirolagena Harris, 1897
- Latirulus Cossmann, 1889
- Latirus Montfort, 1810
- Leucozonia Gray, 1847
- Lightbournus Lyons & Snyder, 2008
- Liochlamys Dall, 1889 †
- Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 †
- Neolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
- Nodopelagia Hedley, 1915
- Opeatostoma Berry, 1958
- Plesiolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
- Plicatella Swainson, 1840
- Polygona Schumacher, 1817
- Psammostoma Vermeij & Snyder, 2002 †
- Pseudolatirus Bellardi, 1884[4]
- Pustulatirus Vermeij & Snyder, 2006
- Ruscula Casey, 1904 †
- Streptopelma Cossmann, 1901 †
- Taron Hutton, 1883
- Teralatirus Coomans, 1965
- Turrilatirus Vermeij & M.A. Snyder, 2006
References