Fretless guitar
A fretless guitar is a guitar without frets. It operates in the same manner as most other stringed instruments and traditional guitars, but does not have any frets to act as the lower end point (node) of the vibrating string. On a fretless guitar, the vibrating string length runs from the bridge, where the strings are attached, all the way up to the point where the fingertip presses the string down on the fingerboard. Fretless guitars are fairly uncommon in most forms of western music and generally limited to the electrified instruments due to decreased acoustic volume and sustain in fretless instruments. However, the fretless bass guitar has gained fairly widespread popularity and many models of bass guitar can be found in fretless varieties. Fretless Electric Bass is particularly popular among Jazz, Funk and R&B players due to the similarity in feel and sound to the acoustic double bass.
Advantages and disadvantages
Fretless guitars are not constrained with particular musical tunings, tuning systems or temperaments, as is the case with fretted instruments. This facilitates the playing of music in other than 12-tone scales; these scales are typically found in non-Western or experimental music. Fretless guitars produce a different sound than their fretted counterparts as well, because the fingertip is relatively soft (compared to a fret) and absorbs energy from the vibrating string much more quickly. The result is that the pizzicato on a fretless guitar has a more dampened sound. One can finger notes with one's nail like an Indian sarod player. This will sustain and brighten the sound. One can also combine bottleneck slide guitar with fretless fingered guitar playing to add an additional range of tonal possibilities that allows for more melodic and harmonic/chordal possibilities than some of the constraints common to traditional standard and open tuning slide guitar techniques.
Some players seem to choose the fretless guitar mainly for its ability to get in more direct contact with the note played (since finger tip and not the fret decides the string length). However, playing a fretless instrument usually requires much more training of the fretting hand for exact positioning and shifts, and more ear training to discern the minute differences in intonation that fretless instruments permit. To make this easier, many fretless guitars and basses have lines in place of frets and side position markers (dots or lines), indicating half-tone increments.
Acoustic fretless guitars produce less volume than their fretted counterparts, which is usually addressed by the use of pickups and amplification. Fretless bass guitars, which have much heavier strings and a bigger body, are also typically amplified.
On fretless basses the fingerboard is usually made of a hard wood, such as ebony. To reduce fingerboard wear from round-wound strings a coat of epoxy may be applied. Other strings, such as flat-wound, ground wound or nylon tape-wound strings, can also be used to reduce fingerboard wear.
Fretless instruments
Fretless guitars are typically modified versions of factory-made traditionally "fretted" guitars, the frets being removed by the player or a professional luthier. There are also professional builders specialising in custom-made fretless guitars.
Fretless bass guitars are much more common than fretless guitars, and there are many manufacturers offering these as standard models.
Famous users
In no particular order:
Fretless Guitar
- John Cale used a fretless guitar on the 1965 album Stainless Gamelan - a very early recording of fretless guitar.
- Erkan Oğur (Turkish pioneer of the fretless guitar) makes nearly all his music with self-made fretless guitars.
- Hasan Cihat Örter (Turkish guitar virtuoso) composer and instrument is playing more than twenty.
- Frank Zappa used fretless guitars on a few albums in the early and mid 1970s.
- Adrian Belew has used fretless guitars on a few recordings in the '80s.
- Vindsval of Blut Aus Nord used fretless guitars on the microtonal MoRT album and other albums.
- David Fiuczynski plays fretless guitar extensively in his instrumental project KiF.
- Yannick Robert plays his Ibanez signature model on "Vaci Utca" and "Dix cordes de nuit".
- Ron Thal (also known as Bumblefoot) has used fretless guitars extensively.
- Franck Vigroux plays fretless guitar on Push the triangle's album "repush" and live acts.
- Steve Vai played a triple neck (12-string, 6-string and 6-string fretless) guitar during live shows many years ago.
- Elliott Sharp has occasionally used fretless guitars, such as on his 1996 album Sferics.
- John Frusciante used a fretless Stratocaster on the recording of Blood Sugar Sex Magik (most notably on the guitar solo of Mellowship Slinky in B major); he now uses custom made fretless guitars with glass fretboards.
- Karl Sanders plays a double necked guitar which has an 11-string fretless setup on the top neck, which he used on many of the tracks on Nile's album Ithyphallic.
- Matt Bellamy of Muse now uses a custom Manson double neck with one neck fretless live for two songs.
- Steve Kimock
- Issei Noro has used fretless guitar from professional debut year in 1979, the user of the most famous Japanese guitarist, and most user are using.
- Nigel Gavin regularly uses a Godin Glissentar in live performance and for several pieces on his albums Thrum and Visitation.
- Guthrie Govan plays a Vigier fretless guitar.
- Aziz Ibrahim plays Godin and Vigier fretless guitars.
- Pat Metheny plays a fretless classical guitar on the title track of the album Imaginary Day.
Events
Festivals featuring live fretless guitar music have been held for several years both in the US and in Europe. In New York, the first NYC Fretless Guitar Festival was held in 2005. In Holland, the Dutch Fretless Guitar Festival has taken place since 2008.
Fretless bass
- Jaco Pastorius (bassist for Weather Report, considered by many to be the most influential bass player of all time) used a customized fretless Fender Jazz Bass that he modified himself. He also used a fretless bass custom built for him by Carl Thompson.
- Dann Glenn (solo bassist/composer) has a signature model fretless bass by Hotwire Basses, and also plays Fender Jazz and LightWave fretless basses.
- Juan Alderete (bassist for The Mars Volta, and previously Racer X) has constantly used fretless basses over his career including using a custom fretless Fender Jazz Bass as his main bass of the album Frances the Mute.
- Bill Wyman, (former bassist of The Rolling Stones), was the first bass player to use a self-made fretless Fender/electric bass that he created after stripping down a standard bass. He removed the frets from his second-hand bass because they were rattling.[1] This can be heard on many of the early Rolling Stones records.
- Rick Danko (of The Band and later, Danko/Fjeld/Andersen) used a fretless bass starting around 1970, heard on the 1971 Cahoots studio album and the Rock of Ages album recorded live in 1971.[2][3][4]
- Freebo (session musician known mostly for his work with Bonnie Raitt) has used a fretless bass live and on many recordings.
- Brent Liles (bassist for Social Distortion and Agent Orange)
- Jonas Hellborg (solo bassist) extensively used fretless bass both on his solo bass recordings and with other projects, currently has a signature bass co designed by him from Warwick.
- Pedro Aznar, bassist and composer who has played with Serú Girán and The Pat Metheny Group
- Laurence Cottle British session fretless/fretted bass player who has worked with such diverse artist as Sting, Cher, Eno, Eric Clapton and Black Sabbath
- John Myung of Dream Theater can be seen performing on a fretless six string in Metropolis 2000: Scenes from New York during the song Through Her Eyes.
- Steve Bailey, a session bassist, frequently performs on the six string fretless bass guitar.
- Jack Bruce (of Cream) uses a fretless Warwick bass guitar.
- Sean Malone (of Cynic, et al.), wrote an analytical teaching book on Jaco Pastorius' playing and also plays the Chapman Stick
- Gary Willis (of Tribal Tech), has a signature model fretless bass by Ibanez.
- Marnie Jaffe (of Live Skull) played a fretless bass in the band Live Skull.
- Steve DiGiorgio (one of the few fretless bassists in the metal scene) usually plays a five string fretless bass.
- John Paul Jones (bassist for Led Zeppelin) plays fretless bass on several Led Zeppelin songs, most notably on "In My Time of Dying".
- Colin Edwin (of British progressive rock band Porcupine Tree).
- John Deacon (bassist of Queen) plays fretless bass on several Queen songs.
- Mick Karn (former bassist of Japan and avantgarde musician) has used fretless bass guitar since the late 1970s. Karn has mainly used Travis Bean during his early Japan years and Wal (bass) since 1981.
- Tony Levin was made famous because of the fretless bass parts on Peter Gabriel's "Sledgehammer" and on a large amount of his solo album work. Like Sean Malone, Levin also plays the Chapman Stick.
- Tony Franklin has been instrumental in bringing the fretless bass to heavy music recordings. Franklin is generally associated with the fretless Fender Precision Bass; he has a signature model. During the 80's he was also seen with Jaydee basses.
- Pino Palladino, a session bassist, has developed a fretless bass method. The bulk of Pino's fretless work was played with a pre Ernie Ball Music Man StingRay.
- Percy Jones bass player with Brand X and Tunnels. Percy initially played a fretless Fender Precision Bass then a Wal (bass) since the late 70's.
- Bunny Brunel had used a fretless bass on many recordings since the 1970s
- Victor Wooten uses a custom five-string fretless bass on several of his own songs as well as several Bela Fleck and the Flecktones songs.
- Sting (bassist and leader of The Police) used a variety of fretless basses with The Police
- Jeroen Paul Thesseling, fretless bassist, currently plays progressive/technical death metal for the band Obscura, as well as microtonal world music. He uses six-string fretless Warwick basses.
- Jandek, outsider musician, has recorded entire albums of only vocals and fretless electric bass.
- Jeff Ament, (bassist of Pearl Jam) uses fretless basses on some Pearl Jam songs as well his other projects. Jeff is normally seen play Wal (bass) basses when using a fretless.
- Paul Simonon from The Clash used a fretless Fender Precision Bass in 1981, during the period of their Sandinista! album.
- Mo Foster is a highly regarded UK session bassist whose 'voice' is a fretless Fender Jazz bass.
- Stomu Takeishi is a Japanese jazz bassist.
- Geddy Lee, of the Canadian rock trio Rush has played fretless bass on and off since the 1970s. He used a Fender Jaco Pastorius tribute bass to play the bass line for the instrumental Malignant Narcissism from 2007's Snakes & Arrows.
- Les Claypool (of Primus and his many other side projects) uses a variety of fretless basses, most commonly an upright 5 string, and more famously his Carl Thompson (luthier) 4 string fretlesses and 6 string fretless Rainbow Bass.
- Colin Moulding, bass player with XTC uses fretless bass to achieve their distinctive sound. Almost all songs on the XTC album English Settlement use fretless bass.
- Martin Mendez, bassist for Opeth used a fretless bass on Still Life (Opeth album)
- David Gilmour, Pink Floyd guitarist, plays a fretless bass on Hey You.
- Michel Hatzigeorgiou, Aka Moon is a Belgian bassist.
- Michael Manring, solo bassist, plays Zon Hyperbass (TM) fretless basses for his experimental virtuoso music.
- Tom Jenkinson, also known as Squarepusher, sometimes performs using fretless bass.
- Dan Briggs, bass player with Between the Buried and Me uses fretless bass.
- Morty Black, former bass player for TNT has used fretless bass on songs such as Forever Shine On and Without Your Love.
- Kristoffer Gildenlöw, former bass player for Pain of Salvation has extensively used fretless bass by ESP in many album recordings, such as BE and One Hour by the Concrete Lake.
- John Taylor, bass player with Duran Duran occasionally uses fretless bass, having used one notably on the Duran Duran song "Lonely In Your Nightmare" from their hit album "Rio" and also on the song "Tiger Tiger" from their third album "Seven And The Ragged Tiger".
See also
References
- ^ Roberts, Jim (2001). 'How The Fender Bass Changed the World' or Jon Sievert interview with Bill Wyman, guitar player magazine December (1978)
- ^ Bacon, Tony (2010). 60 Years of Fender. Backbeat Books. p. 50. ISBN 0879309660
- ^ Trynka, Paul (1996). Rock Hardware. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 113. ISBN 0879304286
- ^ Bacon, Tony; Moorhouse, Barry. (2008). The bass book: a complete illustrated history of bass guitars. Hal Leonard Corporation, second edition. p. 96. ISBN 0879309245
External links