The Father-in-law of Europe is a sobriquet which has been used to refer to European monarchs of the late 19th and early 20th century: Christian IX of Denmark and Nicholas I of Montenegro, both on account of their children's marriages to foreign princes and princesses.
The fact that each was a monarch of moderate or modest power and the number of children each had allowed them to marry their children to heirs of greater fortunes across the continent.
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Christian IX (1818–1906) was the father of:
Christian IX used to gather his children, children-in-law and grand children for the so-called Fredensborg days at Fredensborg Palace north of Copenhagen in the summer time.[1]
Nicholas I (1841–1921) was the father of: