Family with sequence similarity 40, member A | |||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||
Symbols | FAM40A; FLJ14743; KIAA1761; MGC148091; RP4-773N10.1 | ||||||||||||
External IDs | MGI: 2443884 HomoloGene: 35064 GeneCards: FAM40A Gene | ||||||||||||
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Orthologs | |||||||||||||
Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||
Entrez | 85369 | 229707 | |||||||||||
Ensembl | ENSG00000143093 | ENSMUSG00000014601 | |||||||||||
UniProt | Q5VSL9 | Q3UGC1 | |||||||||||
RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_033088 | NM_153563.2 | |||||||||||
RefSeq (protein) | NP_149079 | NP_705791.2 | |||||||||||
Location (UCSC) | Chr 1: 110.57 – 110.62 Mb |
Chr 3: 107.42 – 107.43 Mb |
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PubMed search | [1] | [2] |
Protein FAM40A is a protein that is located on chromosome 1 in humans and is encoded by the FAM40A gene.[1][2][3]
Contents |
FAM40A has an isoelectric point of 5.92 and a molecular weight of 95,575 daltons.[4] It is predicted to have three transmembrane domains, making it a transmembrane protein.[5] FAM40A does not contain a signal peptide and is also predicted to bind to DNA, possibly making it a membrane protein in the nuclear membrane.[6] [7]
The secondary structure of FAM40A is predicted to contain twenty-six alpha helices and two beta sheets. [8] The 5' untranslated region of FAM40A is predicted to contain one stem-loop and the 3' untranslated region is predicted to contain eight stem-loop structures.[9] Two miRNAs are predicted to bind to two of the stem-loop structures present in the 3' UTR region.[10]
FAM40A has no paralogs. However, it does have orthologs stretching all the way back to yeast. It has been suggested that FAM40A is a homolog to the yeast gene FAR11, which is involved in the recovery from cell cycle arrest.[11] [12]
The following table represents a small selection of orthologs found using searches in BLAST[13] and BLAT.[14] This is by no means a comprehensive list, however it does show the vast diversity of species where FAM40A orthologs are found.
Scientific Name | Common Name | Accession number (from NCBI [12]) | Sequence Length | Percent Identity | Percent Similarity |
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Homo sapiens | Human | NP_149079 | 837 | - | - |
Pongo abelii | Sumatran orangutan | XP_002810520 | 837 | 99.6% | 100% |
Sus scrofa | Pig | XP_003125904 | 837 | 98.8% | 100% |
Equus caballus | Horse | XP_001493762 | 837 | 98.8% | 100% |
Mus musculus | Mouse | NP_705791 | 837 | 98% | 100% |
Rattus norvegicus | Rat | XP_001068288 | 837 | 97.8% | 100% |
Monodelphis domestica | Gray short-tailed opossum | XP_001372588 | 843 | 95.4% | 100% |
Danio rerio | Zebra fish | XP_001918929 | 813 | 83.4% | 98% |
Canis lupus familiaris | Dog | From BLAT [14] | 812 | 96.1% | 100% |
Ailuropoda melanoleuca | Panda | From BLAT [14] | 823 | 96.2$ | 100% |
Oryzias latipes | Medaka | From BLAT [14] | 751 | 78.4% | 96% |
Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis | Western clawed frog | NP_001027483 | 819 | 86.4% | 96% |
Aedes aegypti | Yellow-fever mosquito | XP_001658692 | 829 | 51.2% | 97% |
Tribolium castaneum | Red flour beetle | XP_001815164 | 817 | 57.4% | 97% |
Hydra magnipapillata | Hydra hydrozoan | XP_002164866 | 830 | 44% | 97% |
Ciona intestinalis | Sea squirt | XP_002130558 | 867 | 46.4% | 97% |
Pediculus humanus corporis | Human lice | XP_002425964 | 808 | 52.7% | 97% |
Nasonia vitripennis | Jewel wasp | XP_001603859 | 802 | 52.7% | 97% |
Drosophila erecta | Fruit fly | XP_001971743 | 882 | 45.2% | 97% |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Bakers yeast | NP_014272 | 953 | 18.9% | 97% |
FAM40A is expressed in high levels during the blastocyst, eight-cell stage, and fetal stages of development.[15] FAM40A has also been shown to be expressed in high levels in the mammary glands, brain, thymus, mouth and the testes.[16] It has also been shown to be expressed in high levels in mammary gland tumors, leukemia cells, and germ cell tumors.[16]
FAM40A is predicted to have a promoter region 789 base pairs upstream of the start of transcription.[17] The SOX transcription factors are predicted to bind to the promoter region of the FAM40A gene, possibly indicating a role in sex determination.[17]
FAM40A has been shown to interact with RP6-213H19.1,[18] STRN,[18] PDCD10,[18] TRAF3IP3,[18] STRN3,[18] PPP2R1A,[18] MOBKL3,[18] CTTNBP2NL,[18] STK24[19][18] and PPP2CA.[18]