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The European Parliament Election, 1999 was a European election for all 626 members of the European Parliament held across the 15 European Union member states on 10, 11 and 13 June 1999. The voter turn-out was generally low, except in Belgium and Luxembourg, where voting is compulsory and where national elections were held that same day. This was the first such election where Austria, Finland and Sweden voted alongside other the other members, having joined in 1995 and voted separately. The next election was held in 2004 (see European Parliament Election 2004).
Contents |
| European Parliament election, 1999 - Final results at 20 July 1999 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Description | Chaired by | MEPs | |||
| EPP-ED | Conservatives and Christian Democrats | Hans-Gert Pöttering | 233 | |||
| PES | Social Democrats | Enrique Barón Crespo | 180 | |||
| ELDR | Liberals and Liberal Democrats | Pat Cox | 50 | |||
| G–EFA | Greens and Regionalists | Heidi Hautala Paul Lannoye |
48 | |||
| EUL– NGL |
Communists and the Far Left | Francis Wurtz | 42 | |||
| UEN | National Conservatives | Charles Pasqua | 31 | |||
| EDD | Eurosceptics | Jens-Peter Bonde | 16 | |||
| TGI | Mixed | Gianfranco dell'Alba Francesco Speroni |
18 | |||
| NI | Independents | none | 8 | Total: 626 | Sources: [1] [2][3] | |
The national results as at 13 June 1999 are as follows:
| Group
Nation |
PPE | PSE | ELDR | Verdi-ALE | GUE-NGL | UEN | ID | NI | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 7 ÖVP 30,7% | 7 SPÖ 31,7% | 2 Greens 9,3% | 5 FPÖ 23,4% | 21 | ||||
| Belgium | 3 CVP 13,5% |
3 PS 9,7% 2 SP.A 8,8% |
3 VLD 13,6% 2 PRL 10,2% |
3 Ecolo 8,6% |
2 VB 9,4% | 25 | |||
| Denmark | 1 KF 8,5% | 3 S 16,5% | 5 V 23,4% 1 B 9,1% |
1 SF 7,1% | 1 N 7,3% | 1 DF 5,8% | 3 JB 16,1% | 16 | |
| Finland | 4 KOK 25,3% 1 SKL 2,4% |
3 SDP 17,9% | 4 KESK 21,3% 1 SF 6,8% |
2 Vihr. 13,4% | 1 Vasem. 9,1% | 15 | |||
| France | 12 RPR 12,8% 9 UDF 9,3% |
22 PS 22,0% | 9 Verts 9,7% | 6 PCF 6,8% |
13 RPF 13,1% | 6 CPNT 6,8% | 5 FN 5,7% | 87 | |
| Germany | 43 CDU 39,3% 10 CSU 9,4% |
33 SPD 30,7% | 7 Greens 6,4% | 6 PDS 5,8% | 99 | ||||
| Greece | 9 ND 36,0% | 9 PASOK 32,9% | 3 KKE 8,7% 2 DIKKI 6,9% |
25 | |||||
| Ireland | 4 FG 24,6% 1 Ind. |
1 Lab 8,7% | 1 Ind. | 2 GP 6,7% | 6 FF 38,6% | 15 | |||
| Italy | 22 FI 25,2% 4 PPI 4,53 |
15 DS 17,4% 2 SDI 2,2% |
6 Dem. 7,7% 1 PRI 0,5% |
2 FDV 1,8% | 4 PRC 4,3% 2 PdCI 2,0 % |
9 AN 10,3% | 7 Radicals 8,5% |
87 | |
| Luxembourg | 2 CSV 31,7% | 2 LSAP 23,6% | 1 DP 20,5% | 1 Greens 10,7% | 6 | ||||
| Netherlands | 9 CDA 26,9% | 6 PvdA 20,1% | 6 VVD19,7% 2 D66 5,8% |
4 GL 11,9% | 1 SP 5,0% | 3 SGP-GPV-RPF 8,7% | 31 | ||
| Portugal | 8 PSD 32,14% | 12 PS 44,55% | 2 CDU:PCP 10,7% | 2 PP 8,4% | 25 | ||||
| Spain | 27 PP 40,4% |
24 PSOE 35,9% | 2 CiU: CDC |
1 CN:EA |
1 IU 5,9% | 1 EH 1,5% | 63 | ||
| Sweden | 5 M 20,8% 2 KD 7,6% |
6 S 26,0% | 3 FP 13,8% 1 C 6,0% |
2 MP 9,5% | 3 V 15,8% | 22 | |||
| United Kingdom | 36 Cons 33,5% 1 UUP 1,1% |
29 Lab 26,3% 1 SDLP 1,8% |
10 LD 11,9% | 2 GPEW 5,9% |
1 SF 1,1% | 3 UKIP 6,5% | 1 DUP 1,8% | 87 | |
| Total | 233 | 180 | 50 | 48 | 42 | 31 | 16 | 26 | 626 |
| Group | PPE | PSE | ELDR | Greens-ALE | GUE-NGL | UEN | ID | NI
Total |
The EUL/NGL group picked up one seat in the election and seven in the subsequent regrouping, raising its total from 34 to 42.
The PES group did badly, losing 34 of its seats in the election and slipping to the second-biggest group.
The ELDR group did moderately well, picking up one seat in the election and seven in the regrouping, giving a total of 50 seats and retaining its place as the third biggest group. The European Radical Alliance (ERA) were not so fortunate and slipped badly, losing eight of its 21 members in the election.
The EPP group did well, picking up 23 seats in the election and nine in the regrouping, giving a total of 233 seats and overtaking the left to become the biggest group. To placate the increasingly eurosceptic British Conservatives, the group was renamed "EPP-ED" for the new Parliament, partly resurrecting the name of the former European Democrat group which was merged[1] with the EPP in 1992.
The Union for Europe (UFE) group slipped during the election and lost 17 seats. The group split[2] during the regrouping, with Ireland's Fianna Fáil and Portugal's CDS/PP forming a new group called "Union for Europe of the Nations". UEN started the Fifth Parliament with 31 MEPs.
No explicitly far-right group per se was in existence immediately before or after the election. All far-right MEPs that were elected sat as Independents (see below).
The Green Group solidified its position, picking up 11 seats in the election to give it 38 MEPs. The European Free Alliance members of the ERA joined with the Green Group to create[3] the Greens/EFA group, which started the Fifth Parliament with 48 MEPs.
The I-EN group trod water, gaining six members in the election but losing five in the regrouping, leaving it with 16 members. The group was renamed[4] "Europe of Democracies and Diversities" (EDD) for the new Parliament.
The Non-Inscrits did badly, losing 20 MEPs to the election. Disparate members (two from Belgium, five from France and eleven from Italy)[5] tried to gain Group privilege by creating a group called the "Technical Group of Independent Members" (full title "Group for the technical co-ordination of groups and the defence of independent members", abbreviated to "TGI" or "TDI"). The attempt initially succeeded, with the group allowed to start the Fifth Parliament until the legal position could be checked.[5] In September, the Constitutional Affairs Committee ruled that they lacked a coherent position ("political complexion") and were disbanded[6] - the only group ever to be forcibly dissolved. The TGI members returned to the Non-Inscrits, increasing their number to 27.[7]
| Area | European Union (EU-15) | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Dates | • Thursday 10 June: Netherlands, United Kingdom, Denmark • Friday 11 June: Ireland • Sunday 13 June: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden |
[5][6] |
| Seats | 626 | [7][8] |
| Candidates | over 10,000 | [9] |
| Electorate | 288 million | [10] |
| Turnout | 49.8% | [11] |
| Previous | European Parliament election, 1994 | n/a |
| Next | European Parliament election, 2004 | n/a |
| Election methods | All proportional representation. | [12] |
| Preference voting allowed? | • Yes, via open list: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Luxembourg (with panachage), Netherlands, Sweden. • Yes, via STV: Ireland, United Kingdom (NI only) • No: the rest |
[13][14] |
| Cutoff? | • 5%: France, Germany • 4%: Austria, Sweden • 3%: Greece • none: the rest |
[15] |
| Seat allocation | • Sainte-Laguë method: Sweden • STV method: Ireland, United Kingdom (NI only) • Hare-Niemeyer method: Germany • Pro-rata: Greece • Largest remainder method: Italy • D'Hondt method: the rest |
[16][17][18] |
| Constituency boundaries | • Member state subdivided into multiple constituencies: Belgium (3), Ireland (4), Italy (5), United Kingdom (12) • Mixture: Germany (candidate lists at Länder or national level), Finland (candidate lists at electoral district or national level) • Member state as single constituency: the rest |
[19][20][21] |
| Minimum voting age | 18 | [22][23] |
| Fourth Parliament | 1999 Election | Regrouping | Fifth Parliament | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Groups | Pre-elections May 5 |
Change | Results June 13 |
Change | Results July 20 |
New Groups |
First session July 20 |
Break up of TGI Sept 13 |
New Groups |
New session Sept 13 |
|||
| EPP | 201 | +23 | 224 | +9 | 233 | EPP-ED | 233 | +0 | EPP-ED | 233 | |||
| PES | 214 | -34 | 180 | +0 | 180 | PES | 180 | +0 | PES | 180 | |||
| ELDR | 42 | +1 | 43 | +7 | 50 | ELDR | 50 | +0 | ELDR | 50 | |||
| ERA | 21 | -8 | 13 | -3 | 48 | G/EFA | 48 | +0 | G/EFA | 48 | |||
| G | 27 | +11 | 38 | ||||||||||
| EUL-NGL | 34 | +1 | 35 | +7 | 42 | EUL-NGL | 42 | +0 | EUL-NGL | 42 | |||
| I-EN | 15 | +6 | 21 | -5 | 16 | EDD | 16 | +0 | EDD | 16 | |||
| NI | 38 | -20 | 18 | -10 | 8 | NI | 8 | +19 | NI | 27 | |||
| Others | 0 | +37 | 37 | -19 | 18 | TGI | 18 | -18 | |||||
| UFE | 34 | -17 | 17 | +14 | 31 | UEN | 31 | -1 | UEN | 30 | |||
| Total | 626 | 0 | 626 | 0 | 626 | Total | 626 | 0 | Total | 626 | |||
| Sources: [24][25][26][27][28][29] | |||||||||||||
| Group | Description | Details | % | MEPs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPP-ED | Conservatives and Christian Democrats | Germany 53, Belgium 5, Denmark 1, France 21, Ireland 5, Italy 34, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 9, UK 37, Greece 9, Spain 29, Portugal 9, Austria 7, Finland 5, Sweden 5 | 37% | 233 | |
| PES | Social Democrats | Germany 33, Belgium 5, Denmark 3, France 22, Ireland 1, Italy 17, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 6, UK 30, Greece 9, Spain 24, Portugal 12, Austria 7, Finland 3, Sweden 6 | 29% | 180 | |
| ELDR | Liberals and Liberal Democrats | Belgium 5, Denmark 6, Ireland 1, Italy 7, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 8, UK 10, Spain 3, Finland 5, Sweden 4 | 8% | 50 | |
| G/EFA | Greens and Regionalists | Germany 7, Belgium 7, France 9, Ireland 2, Italy 2, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 4, UK 6, Spain 4, Austria 2, Finland 2, Sweden 2 | 8% | 48 | |
| EUL/NGL | Communists and the Far Left | Germany 6, Denmark 1, France 11, Italy 6, Netherlands 1, Greece 7, Spain 4, Portugal 2, Finland 1, Sweden 3 | 7% | 42 | |
| UEN | National Conservatives | Denmark 1, France 13, Ireland 6, Italy 9, Portugal 2 | 5% | 31 | |
| NI & TGI | Independents | Belgium 2, France 5, Italy 12, UK 1, Spain 1, Austria 5 | 4% | 26 (18+8) | |
| EDD | Eurosceptics | Denmark 4, France 6, Netherlands 3, UK 3 | 3% | 16 | |
| Sources: [30] | 100% | 626 | |||
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