Estland

• Estland is the modern name for Estonia in German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Dutch and some other Germanic languages, with the notable exception of modern English.
• Estland or Eistland in ancient Scandinavian Sagas and Estia, Hestia and Estonia in early Latin sources is the origin of the modern national name of Estonia.
• In a historical context, Estland can refer to:
  • The Danish duchy of Estonia (Danish: Hertugdømmet Estland) a dominum directum of the King of Denmark from 1219 until 1346 in what is now Northern Estonia until it was sold and became:
  • A dominion of the Livonian Order within Terra Mariana in 1346–1561, until it was conquered by the Swedish Empire in the Livonian War and became:
  • The Swedish duchy of Estonia (Swedish: Hertigdömet Estland) in 1561–1721 until conquered by the Tsardom of Russia in the Great Northern War and became:
  • The Governorate of Estonia (or Estland) (Russian: Эстляндская губерния, Estlyandskaya guberniya) of the Russian Empire in 1721–1917.
• "Estland" is also the name of a phantom island in the Atlantic Ocean on the 1558 Venetian Zeno map (also spelled "Estotiland" on the map).