| Elizabeth McCombs MP |
|
|---|---|
| Elizabeth McCombs ca. 1933 | |
| Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Lyttelton |
|
| In office 1933 – 7 June 1935 |
|
| Preceded by | James McCombs |
| Succeeded by | Terence McCombs |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Elizabeth Reid Henderson 19 November 1873 Kaiapoi, New Zealand |
| Died | 7 June 1935 (aged 61) Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Political party | Labour |
| Spouse(s) | James McCombs (married 1903) |
| Children | Four children (two were adopted), incl. Terence McCombs |
Elizabeth McCombs (née Henderson) (19 November 1873 – 7 June 1935) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and the first woman elected to the New Zealand Parliament.[1] New Zealand women gained the right to vote in 1893, though were not allowed to stand for the House of Representatives until the election of 1919. McCombs had previously contested elections in 1928 and 1931.
Contents |
McCombs, born Elizabeth Reid Henderson in Kaiapoi, spent her youth in Ashburton and Christchurch. In 1886, her father died, leaving her family in financial difficulties for a time.
|
|
||||
| Years | Term | Electorate | Party | |
| 1933–1935 | 24th | Lyttelton | Labour | |
McCombs became interested in socialism through the influence of her elder sisters, who were involved in the Progressive Liberal Association, a small socialist-orientated group. One of the Progressive Liberal Association's goals was to increase the political rights of women. McCombs herself became involved in the Association, and as an extension of this, with the New Zealand Women's Christian Temperance Union, run by prominent New Zealand suffragette Kate Sheppard. McCombs held a number of positions within the Temperance Union throughout her life, including that of national treasurer.
In 1903, McCombs married James McCombs, a strong socialist who had also been involved with the Progressive Liberal Association. They were to have two children, and adopted two more. James McCombs was active in left-wing political circles, and was later to become an MP for the Social Democratic Party. When the Labour Party was founded in 1916, he became its first president. At the same time, Elizabeth McCombs was elected to the party's executive.
In 1921, McCombs gained election to the Christchurch City Council, being the second woman to do so. She remained a member of the council until 1935, when she chose to step down. During this time, she was also active in a large number of other organisations, including hospital boards and charities. Her work was recognised in 1926, when she was made a Justice of the peace.
In the 1928 elections, McCombs stood (unsuccessfully) for the Kaiapoi electorate, as the Labour Party's first female nominee. In the 1931 elections, she contested the seat of Christchurch North, also unsuccessfully.
On the death of McCombs' husband James in August 1933, who had held his parliamentary seat of Lyttelton since 1913, it was suggested soon afterwards that McCombs herself should be the Labour Party's new candidate for the Lyttelton seat. Some members of the party were initially hesitant, but she was eventually selected as the Labour candidate. When the 1933 by-election was held, McCombs won resoundingly: James had been returned by only 32 votes in the 1931 elections, but Elizabeth received a majority of 2600 votes, electing her the first woman Member of Parliament.
Well-educated and well-to-do, McCombs could be impatient with working people, tending to represent their best interests and not necessarily their opinions. She called a deputation representing the unemployed "an illogical crowd" when they said they wanted work but criticised having to work for charitable aid.[2]
In parliament, McCombs spoke out on a number of issues, many of which involved women's rights and welfare. Among the causes she promoted were:
Increasingly poor health made it difficult for McCombs to participate fully in politics. She died in Christchurch on 7 June 1935 aged 61, less than two years after entering parliament.
Despite her short career in parliament, she demonstrated that women could successfully seek election, and it was not long before a second woman (Catherine Stewart in 1938, elected for Wellington West) entered parliament. In her Lyttelton electorate, she was succeeded by her son Terence McCombs, who was the Minister of Education in the First Labour Government from 1947 to 1949. Terence McCombs held the Lyttelton seat until 1951, concluding a 38-year family hold on the seat.
| Parliament of New Zealand | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by James McCombs |
Member of Parliament for Lyttelton 1933-1935 |
Succeeded by Terence McCombs |