The egg tapping game or egg fight is a traditional Easter game. The rule is very simple: to hold a hard-boiled egg and tap eggs of other participants to break them but to keep your own undamaged. The egg was a symbol of the rebirth of the earth in Pagan celebrations of spring and was adopted by early Christians as a symbol of the rebirth of man at Easter.[1]
Venetia Newall in her book An Egg at Easter: A Folklore Study quotes an early reference from 15th-century Poland.[2]
In English folk traditions, the game has variously been known as "shackling", "jarping" or "dumping".[2] As with any other game it has been a subject of cheating: eggs with cement core, alabaster, and even marble eggs have been reported.[2]
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In Assam (a state of India in which the easternmost indigenous Indo-European language is spoken) the game is called Koni-juj (Koni = Egg; Juj = Fight). It is held every year on the day of Goru Bihu (the cattle day) of Rongali Bihu, which falls mid of April and on the day of Bhogali Bihu, which falls mid of January.
In Holland the game is called eiertikken. Children line up with baskets of coloured eggs and try to break those in another person’s basket. But players must only break ones of the same colour as their own.[3]
In Romania, visitors strike red eggs against one held by the head of the household and exchange the greetings "Christ is risen!" and "He is risen indeed!" The person who keeps an unbroken egg is said to enjoy the longest life.[3]
Christians in Bulgaria have a similar custom and may believe that the winner of the egg tapping contest will have the most health until the next Easter. The first painted, red egg may be preserved until the next year as a token of luck and good health.[4][5][6]
Central European Catholics of various nationalities call the tradition epper. This likely derives from or is related to the German word Opfer, also used to name the practice, which means 'sacrifice' or, literally, offering.
Ruthenians have the same tradition, which can include either rolling the eggs or cracking them in the hand. The word epper is used and the term 'čokatisja' (compare Slovak, 'ťukať', 'to tap') is reported.[7]
Greeks call the practice tsougrisma (τσούγκρισμα), meaning to clink together.[8][9]
In many places in Louisiana, egg-tapping (called egg-knocking or egg pacqueing) is a serious competition event. Marksville claims to be the first to make it into an official event in 1956. In the past some cheaters used guinea hen eggs, which are smaller and have harder shells. Nowadays guinea egg knocking is a separate contest category. Preparation for this contest has turned into a serious science. People now know which breeds of chicken lay harder eggs and at what time. The chickens must be fed with calcium-rich food and have plenty of exercise. Proper boiling of the contest eggs is also a serious issue. Some rules are well-known, such eggs must be boiled tip down, so that the air pocket is on the butt end. There is also the rule that the champion must break and eat their eggs to prove they are not a fake.[10][11]