| Ebrach | |
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Ebrach
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Location of Ebrach within Bamberg district
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| Coordinates | |
| Administration | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Upper Franconia |
| District | Bamberg |
| Municipal assoc. | Ebrach |
| Mayor | Max-Dieter Schneider |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 29.58 km2 (11.42 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 330 m (1083 ft) |
| Population | 1,878 (31 December 2010)[1] |
| - Density | 63 /km2 (164 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | BA |
| Postal code | 96157 |
| Area code | 09553 |
| Website | www.ebrach.de |
Ebrach is a community with market rights in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg and the seat of the administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Ebrach.
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The name of Ebrach is not coming from german Eber "wildpig" but from a very old stem *ebr- meaning "water" or "valley" and cognate with basque ibar "valley" (H. Bahlow, Th. Vennemann, M. Morvan).
Ebrach lies between Bamberg in the east and Würzburg in the west. It is found in the Steigerwald (forest) on the Mittlere Ebrach. In Ebrach stands the former Cistercian Monastery of Ebrach.
Ebrach’s main and namesake centre is by far the biggest of its Ortsteile with a population of 1,078. The market community furthermore has these outlying centres, each given here with its own population figure:
The community also has five traditional rural land units, known in German as Gemarkungen, named Buch, Ebrach, Großbirkach, Großgressingen and Neudorf bei Ebrach, the same names as five of the constituent communities (it is traditional for a Gemarkung to be named after a town or village lying nearby).
The Ebrach Monastery was founded in 1127 as one of the first Cistercian monasteries east of the Rhine by Berno and Richwin von Eberau, Frankish noblemen. In 1147, twelve monks from the mother monastery, Morimond, moved here. In 1200, Abbot Hermann I set to work on building the church, which was finished in 1280. It is 86 m long and is said to be one of the loveliest monumental buildings built in the Gothic style. More than 50 windows, 26 altars and, above the portal, a rose window adorn the building. The windows were newly painted in 1887. The organ, with its 36 stops, is hailed as a masterwork. The monastery was dissolved in 1803 in the course of Secularization. Since the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the community has belonged to Bavaria. The Ebrach Monastery only fell under direct Imperial authority once it had been shut down. Until 1803, this had been successfully disputed by the High Monastery at Würzburg. The monastery church became a parish church. Since 1851, the monastery buildings have served as a prison, nowadays known as Justizvollzugsanstalt Ebrach.
Within municipal limits, 1,403 inhabitants were counted in 1900, 2,471 in 1970, 1,774 in 1987 and 2,017 in 2000. By 30 June 2007, however, the figure had fallen to 1,839.
The mayor is Max-Dieter Schneider (SPD). In 2002 he became Alfons Keller’s (CSU) successor.
The community council is made up of 12 members, listed here by party or voter community affiliation, and also with the number of seats that each holds:
Ebrach’s arms might heraldically be described thus: Party per fess downwards Or and gules, in Or a boar sable springing, in his mouth an abbot’s crozier argent bendwise, in gules a bend argent wavy.
In 1999, municipal tax revenue, converted to euros, amounted to €969,000 of which business taxes (net) amounted to €353,000.
Owing to the community’s location in the Steigerwald, wood is a significant economic factor.
According to official statistics, there were 23 workers on the social welfare contribution rolls working in agriculture or forestry, 330 in producing businesses in 1998, and in trade and transport 36. In other areas, 100 workers on the social welfare contribution rolls were employed, and 476 such workers worked from home. In processing businesses and in construction there was one business each. Furthermore, in 1999, there were 52 agricultural operations with a working area of 1 077 ha, of which 766 ha was cropland and 310 ha was meadowland.
Ebrach lies on Bundesstraße 22. The railway line towards Bamberg was abandoned and has since been torn up.
In 1999, the following institutions existed in Ebrach:
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