| Potassium bromate | |
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Potassium bromate |
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Other names
Potassium bromate(V); Bromic acid, potassium salt |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 7758-01-2 |
| PubChem | 24444 |
| ChemSpider | 22852 |
| EC number | 231-829-8 |
| UN number | 1484 |
| KEGG | C19295 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:38211 |
| RTECS number | EF8725000 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | KBrO3 |
| Molar mass | 167.00 g/mol |
| Appearance | white crystalline powder |
| Density | 3.27 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
350 °C, 623 K, 662 °F |
| Boiling point |
370 °C (decomposes) |
| Solubility in water | 6.91 g/100 mL (20 °C) 13.3 g/100 mL (40 °C) |
| Solubility | slightly soluble in alcohol insoluble in acetone |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | ICSC 1115 |
| EU Index | 035-003-00-6 |
| EU classification | Carc. Cat. 2 Toxic (T) Oxidant (O) |
| R-phrases | R45 R9 R25 |
| S-phrases | S53 S45 |
| NFPA 704 |
0
2
2
OX
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| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| LD50 | 321 mg/kg |
| (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Potassium bromate (KBrO3), is a bromate of potassium and takes the form of white crystals or powder.
Potassium bromate is typically used as a flour improver (E number E924), strengthening the dough and allowing higher rising. It is an oxidizing agent, and under the right conditions, will be completely used up in the baking bread. However, if too much is added, or if the bread is not baked long enough or not at a high enough temperature, then a residual amount will remain, which may be harmful if consumed. Potassium bromate might also be used in the production of malt barley where the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has prescribed certain conditions where it may be used safely, which includes labeling standards for the finished malt barley product.[1] It is a very powerful oxidizer (E° = 1.5 volts comparable to potassium permanganate). Bromate is considered a category 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans) carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).[2]
Potassium bromate has been banned from use in food products in the EU, Canada, Nigeria, Brazil[3], Peru and some other countries. It was banned in Sri Lanka in 2001[4] and China in 2005.
In the United States, it has not been banned. The FDA sanctioned the use of bromate before the Delaney clause of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act—which bans potentially carcinogenic substances— went into effect in 1958, so it is more difficult for it to now be banned. Instead, since 1991 the FDA has urged bakers to voluntarily stop using it. In California a warning label is required when bromated flour is used.
Japanese baked goods manufacturers stopped using potassium bromate voluntarily in 1980; however, Yamazaki Baking resumed its use in 2005, claiming they had new production methods to reduce the amount of the chemical which remained in the final product.[5]
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