Diplocynodon Temporal range: Paleocene–Middle Miocene |
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Diplocynodon darwini | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Superorder: | Crocodylomorpha |
Order: | Crocodylia |
Superfamily: | Alligatoroidea |
Subfamily: | †Diplocynodontinae |
Genus: | †Diplocynodon Pomel, 1847 |
Species | |
Synonyms | |
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Diplocynodon is an extinct genus of alligatoroid that lived during the Paleocene to middle Miocene 49 million years ago in Europe. It looked very similar to the modern caiman in that it was small and had bony armour scutes covering its neck, back, belly, and tail. The longest Diplocynodon recovered was 4 feet in length and probably fed on fish, animal flesh, and took insects when young.
In the nineteenth century, D. steineri was named from Styria, Austria and D. styriacus was named from Austria and France. A third Austrian species, Enneodon ungeri, was placed in its own genus. The Austrian and French species of Diplocynodon were synonymized with E. ungeri in 2011, and because the name Diplocynodon has priority over Enneodon, the species is now called D. ungeri. [1]
Well preserved specimens have been found in the Messel Pit in Germany. In the Eocene epoch, the pit was a swampy freshwater lake that was perfect for preserving fossils due to anoxic conditions at its bottom.
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Species | |||||
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Species | Age | Location | Unit | Notes | Images |
D. dalpiazi |
Late Rupelian |
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D. darwini |
All specimens are from Messel pit of Germany. Synonyms are: Caimanosuchus brevirostris, D. ebertsi and D. hallense. |
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D. elavericus[2] |
Middle Priabonian |
All specimens came from Allier, Massif Central of France. |
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D. gervaisi |
Earliest Rupelian |
Ronzon |
Synonyms are: Saurocainus gervaisi. |
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D. hantoniensis |
Early Priabonian |
Headon Hill Formation |
All specimens came from Hordwell, southern England. D. cf. hantoniensis is known from the Oligocene of Dordogne, France. |
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D. muelleri[3] |
Middle Rupelian |
El Talladell |
More than 100 are known, all from Lleida Province, Catalonia. Synonyms are: Hispanochampsa muelleri, D. guerini and D. marini. |
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D. ratelii |
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D. ratelii is the type species of Diplocynodon. Most of the specimens came from Allier, Massif Central of France. Synonyms are: D. gracile. |
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D. tormis |
Late Bartonian |
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D. ungeri[1] |
Middle Miocene |
Synonyms are: Enneodon ungeri, D. steineri, and D. styriacus (see text). |
*Locality and/or horizon of the type specimen.
Cladogram based on Martin, 2010:[2]
Alligatoroidea |
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