This article is about the demographic features of the population of Ethiopia, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
The country's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups. Most people in Ethiopia speak Afro-Asiatic languages, mainly of the Semitic or Cushitic branches. The latter include the Oromo, Amhara, Tigray and Somali, who together make up three-quarters of the population.
Nilo-Saharan-speaking Nilotic ethnic minorities also inhabit the southern regions of the country, particularly in areas bordering South Sudan. Among these are the Mursi and Anuak.
Ethiopia is also a multi-religious country. Most of the Christians live in the highlands, while the Muslims mainly inhabit the lowlands. Adherents of traditional faiths are mainly concentrated in the southern regions.
Amharic is the official national language. It was also the language of primary school instruction, but has been replaced in many areas by local languages such as Oromifa and Tigrinya. English is the most widely spoken foreign language and is taught in all secondary schools.
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
Central Statistical Agency (CSA) census (2007): 73,918,505[1]
CIA est. (July 2011): 90,873,739[2]
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2010 est.)
| Age range | Male | Female | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0–14 years | 20,990,369 | 21,067,961 | 42,058,330 (46.28%) |
| 15–64 years | 22,707,235 | 23,682,385 | 46,389,620 (51.04%) |
| 65 years and over | 1,037,488 | 1,388,301 | 2,425,789 (2.67%) |
| Total | 44,735,092 | 46,138,647 | 90,873,739 |
Total: 16.8 years
Male: 16.5 years
Female: 17.1 years (2011 est.)
3.194% (2011 est.)
42.991 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
11.04 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -0.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
note: repatriation of Ethiopians who fled to Sudan for refuge from war and famine in earlier years is expected to continue for several years; small numbers of Sudanese and Somali refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, est.)
urban population: 17% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 3.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
77 deaths/1,000 live births[3]
total: 77.12 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 88.03 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 65.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
total population: 56.19 years
male: 53.64 years
female: 58.81 years (2011 est.)
5.4 children born/woman[3]
6.02 children born/woman (2011 est.)
2.1% (2007 est.)
980,000 (2007 est.)
67,000 (2007 est.)
noun: Ethiopian(s)
adjective: Ethiopian
Within the borders of Ethiopia lie the homelands of upwards of 80 ethnic groups, some of which number less than 1,000 reported members. No definitive list of these peoples exist, and authorities not only disagree over which are properly considered subgroups or which are artificial combinations of smaller groups, many smaller ethnic groups are omitted from every list. Despite this, an idea of this ethnic diversity can be obtained from the following list taken from the 2007 Ethiopian National Census.[1] (Population size and percentage of Ethiopia's total population follows each entry.)
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Ethiopian Orthodox 63.5%, Protestant 18.6% (which include Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso Church and the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus), Muslim 33.9%, traditional (2.6%) Catholic 0.7%, all others 0.6%.[1] Small Ethiopian Jewish community, although most have migrated to Israel.
Amharic 32.7% (as a first language), Oromigna 31.6%, Tigrinya 6.1%, Somali 6.0%, Guragigna 3.5%, Sidamo 3.5%, other local languages; Arabic, English (major foreign language taught in schools),[4] Italian (only spoken by Italian minority).
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 42.7%
male: 50.3%
female: 35.1% (2003 est.)
Numbers are in thousands. UN medium variant projections [5]
This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2006 edition".
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