| Deerfield | |
| Village | |
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Deerfield Historic Village
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| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Illinois |
| County | Lake, Cook |
| Township | West Deerfield |
| Coordinates | |
| Area | 5.5 sq mi (14 km2) |
| Population | 18,420 (2000) |
| Density | 3,359.4 / sq mi (1,297 / km2) |
| Founded | 1903 |
| Mayor | Harriet Rosenthal |
| Timezone | CST (UTC-6) |
| - summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| Postal code | 60015 |
| Area code | 847 224 |
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Location of Deerfield within Illinois
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| Wikimedia Commons: Deerfield, Illinois | |
| Website: http://www.deerfield-il.org | |
Deerfield is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States and is located approximately 25 miles north of Chicago, Illinois. A portion of the village is in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 18,225 at the 2010 census, a 175 person decline from the 2000 census.
Deerfield is home to the headquarters of Walgreens, Baxter Healthcare, Business Technology Partners, APAC Customer Services, Fortune Brands, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Consumers Digest and Così. Deerfield High School is one of the top public schools in the state.[1] Trinity International University, an evangelical Christian university, is located in Deerfield.[2]
Deerfield is represented by the 10th Congressional District of Illinois, 29th District of the Illinois Senate, and the 58th District of the Illinois House of Representatives.
Commuters are provided daily transportation to Chicago via Deerfield's Metra Station. This train line runs directly into Chicago's downtown Union Station via the Metra Milwaukee District - North Line. Estimated travel time varies from 38 minutes to approximately 1 hour, depending on stops.
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According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.5 square miles (14 km2), of which, 5.5 square miles (14 km2) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) of it (0.54%) is water.
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 18,420 people, 6,420 households, and 5,161 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,359.4 people per square mile (1,297.8/km²). There were 6,518 housing units at an average density of 1,188.7 per square mile (459.2/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 95.88% White, 0.33% African American, 0.04% Native American, 2.52% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.69% of the population.
There were 6,420 households out of which 43.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.0% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.6% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.21.
In the village the population was spread out with 30.6% under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there are 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $107,194, and the median income for a family was $118,683. Males had a median income of $90,226 versus $48,450 for females. The per capita income for the village was $50,664. About 1.3% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 1.8% of those age 65 or over.
Originally populated by the Potawatomi Native Americans, the area was settled by Horace Lamb and Jacob B. Cadwell in 1835 and named Cadwell's Corner. A shopping center located on the site of Cadwell's farm at Waukegan Road and Lake Cook Road still bears that name. The area grew because of the navigable rivers in the area, notably the Des Plaines River and the Chicago River. By 1840, the town's name was changed to Leclair. Within a decade, settler John Millen proposed a further name change to Deerfield in honor of his hometown, Deerfield, Massachusetts and the large number of deer living in the area. At the time, the alternate name for the village on the ballot was Erin. Deerfield won by a vote of 17-13.[4] The village's first school, Wilmot School, was founded in 1847. Originally a one-room schoolhouse, Wilmot is now an elementary school which serves 548 students. It is located at the corner of Deerfield and Wilmot roads on land donated by Lyman Wilmot. The village was incorporated in 1903[5] with a population in the low 400s.
In the 1850s, the Deerfield home of Lyman Wilmot served as a stop on the Underground Railroad as escaped slaves attempted to get to Canada.[4]
In a 1917 design by Thomas E. Talmadge of the American Institute of Architects, Deerfield served as the center for a new proposed capital city of the United States.[4] By that year, all of Deerfield's original farms had been converted either to residential areas or golf courses.[4]
On May 26, 1944, a US Navy plane crashed in Deerfield on the current site of the Deerfield Public Library, killing Ensign Milton C. Pickens.[6] Following World War II, a portion of Waukegan Road (Route 43) that runs through Deerfield has been designated a Blue Star Memorial Highway.[7]
On June 27, 1962, ground was broken by Kitchens of Sara Lee (now Sara Lee Corporation) for construction of the world's largest bakery. The plant, located on the current site of Coromandel Condominiums on Kates Road, began production in 1964 using state-of-the-art materials handling and production equipment. It was billed as the world's first industrial plant with a fully automated production control system. President Ronald Reagan visited the plant in 1985. The plant closed in 1990 as Sara Lee consolidated production in Tarboro, North Carolina.[8] By 1991, headquarters employees had moved to downtown Chicago. In 2007, Sara Lee severed its final tie to its former home town with the closure of the Sara Lee Bakery Outlet Store.
In 1982, Deerfield began an experiment with a community farm.[5] Two hundred residents applied for plots on a 3-acre (12,000 m2) community garden. The project had such a strong initial success that the village opened additional community farms on vacant land in the village.
On December 19, 2005, the village board passed a strict anti-smoking ordinance. The law bans smoking in all public places, including businesses, bars, restaurants, parks, parade routes, public assemblies, and within 25 feet (7.6 m) from any of the above.[9]
In November 2007, BusinessWeek.com listed Deerfield third in a list of the 50 best places to raise children.[10] The rankings were based on five factors, including school test scores, cost of living, recreational and cultural activities, number of schools and risk of crime. Deerfield ranked behind Groesbeck, Ohio, and Western Springs, IL.
In 1959, when Deerfield officials learned that a developer building a neighborhood of large new homes planned to make houses available to African Americans, they issued a stop-work order. An intense debate began about racial integration, property values, and the good faith of community officials and builders. For a brief time, Deerfield was spotlighted in the national news as "the Little Rock of the North."[11] Supporters of integration were denounced and ostracized by angry residents. Eventually, the village passed a referendum to build parks on the property, thus putting an end to the housing development. Two model homes already partially completed were sold to village officials.[11] The remaining land lay dormant for years before it was developed into what is now Mitchell Pool and Park and Jaycee Park. At the time, Deerfield's black population was 12 people out of a total population of 11,786.[12] This episode in Deerfield's history is described in But Not Next Door by Harry and David Rosen, both residents of Deerfield.
Since the early 1980s, however, Deerfield has seen a large influx of Jews and, more recently, Asians and Greeks, giving the community a more diverse ethnic makeup.[12]
Deerfield was thrust into the spotlight again when on October 4, 2007, Deerfield resident Rhoni Reuter, the pregnant girlfriend of former Chicago Bears cornerback Shaun Gayle, was murdered in the first homicide committed in Deerfield in 38 years. The murder occurred at Poplar and Elm streets less than 400m away from Alan B. Shepard Middle School; as a result, the school and Deerfield High School were "locked down" for part of the day, in addition to most other schools in the town.[13] The case and the village were featured on an April 15, 2011 episode of 20/20[14]
Located in front of Kipling Elementary School is the Deerfield Historic Village, founded and maintained by the Deerfield Area Historical Society. This outdoor museum consists of five historic buildings and includes the headquarters for the Deerfield Historical Society.[15]
The Historic Village includes the Caspar Ott House, considered to be the oldest building in Lake County, built in 1837. It was restored by Bob Przewlocki.[16] The George Luther House (1847) now includes the Society's offices and Visitor Center. The Bartle Sacker Farmhouse (1854) is a typical 19th century home. While those buildings are all original (although relocated from their original sites), the carriage house and little red school house are replicas.[15] Each year, all fourth graders in district 109 spend a day learning in the school house.[15][17]
In 1998, a significant portion of the Deerfield downtown area (mostly comprising an outdated shopping center called the Deerfield Commons, as well as the former Deerfield Savings and Loan) was demolished and replaced with a new outdoor shopping district, Deerfield Square, sometimes called "The Square" or "The Commons" by some Deerfield residents, was designed by CRM Properties. Every Friday, middle-schoolers from Shepard middle school walk to the square together to eat at Potbelly's and Starbucks. On any given Friday, you can see a whole bunch of 7th graders hanging out at the square. In addition to merchandising space, Deerfield Square includes office space and an outdoor plaza which is used during the summer for free outdoor concerts on Thursdays.
Free concerts are also held across the street from Deerfield Square in the shopping area containing Townhouse Kitchen + Bar and Starbucks.
Along the border with Northbrook, Deerbrook Mall opened in the late 1960s. It includes both an indoor and outdoor shopping area, though the indoor area now only contains about three stores. Near Deerbrook Mall is Cadwell Corners, a small outdoor mall that carries the village's original name.
During both the 1982 and 1987 NFL players' strike, Deerfield High School served as the practice field for the Chicago Bears players locked out of Halas Hall.
The Chicago Bulls' current practice facility, the Berto Center, is in Deerfield. Previously, the Bulls practiced at the Multiplex, which was closed for many years and reopened in 2009 by the Deerfield Park District as the Sachs Recreation Center. A number of current and past Bulls players and staff have subsequently lived in Deerfield, including Will Purdue, John Paxson, Ron Artest, Kirk Hinrich, Derrick Rose and Phil Jackson.
The village hall is called the Bernard Forrest Deerfield Village Hall.[18]
The United States Postal Service operates the Deerfield Post Office.[19]
In 1982 a 324-acre (131 ha) tax-increment-financing district opened along Lake-Cook Road, spurring business development. As of 1987 the office leasing activity in Deerfield increased tremendously, and throughout the 1980s office buildings were developed along Lake-Cook Road, between Interstate 294 and Waukegan Road. Two hotels, an Embassy Suites and a Hyatt, opened during the era to accommodate the increased business traffic. Factors augmenting the establishment of businesses along the corridor included the opening of the district, the abundance of vacant land, and the corridor's proximity to the Chicago Loop and O'Hare International Airport.[20]
Deerfield is home to the headquarters of CF Industries, Walgreens,[21] Baxter Healthcare,[22] APAC Customer Services, Fortune Brands, United Stationers, Consumers Digest and Così. As of 2009 Walgreens employed 5,200 people at its headquarters.[23] As of 2003 Baxter employed a total of 1,000 employees in its headquarters and in other offices in Deerfield.[24]
Deerfield was at one time the headquarters of the Sara Lee Corporation. In 1987 Sara Lee had about 1,200 employees in Deerfield. During the same year, Baxter Travenol had about 1,500 employees and Walgreens, then in an unincorporated area near Deerfield, had about 1,100 employees.[20]
Deerfield also houses the headquarters of some U.S. subsidiaries of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, including Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.,[25] Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.,[26] and Takeda Global Research & Development Center, Inc.[27] In 2003 Takeda announced that it would move its group of US subsidiary headquarters in Lincolnshire, Illinois, which at the time housed 1,600 employees, to Deerfield.[28]
As of 1987 Deerfield was mostly made up of single family houses. As of that year the resale prices of Deerfield houses ranged from $100,000 to $300,000. 43.5% of the town's land consisted of single family houses, while 1.1% contained multi-family housing. As of that year little of the remaining land was available for further residential development.[20]
Deerfield is served by Deerfield Public Schools School District 109, which operates four public elementary schools (Kipling, South Park, Walden, and Wilmot) and two public middle schools (Caruso and Shepard).[29] The village is also home to one Roman Catholic school (Holy Cross School), one Conservative Jewish school (Chicagoland Jewish High School), and two Montessori schools. The majority of Deerfield's children go on to attend Deerfield High School; however, a small portion attend Highland Park High School (both of which comprise School District 113).
At one time, District 109 contained as many as eight elementary schools. However, Maplewood, Woodland Park, Briarwood, and Cadwell (originally known as Deerfield Grammar School) were all closed beginning in the 1970s through the 1980s and their students absorbed by the four larger, remaining elementary schools.
Deerfield has one Sister City:[30]
In 1979, Deerfield created a "No-Kissing Zone" at the local train station in response to complaints about traffic jams at the station caused by couples taking too long to kiss their goodbyes at the drop-off point.[44] The "No-Kissing" signs (patterned after international traffic signs) attracted national attention and were featured in Time magazine and ABC's AM America (precursor to "Good Morning America"). A Deerfield family appearing on the game show Family Feud presented Richard Dawson with replica pins of the signs.
In the 1980s, Deerfield and other North Shore communities inspired the teen films of director/screen writer John Hughes. The fictional Shermer, Illinois, included elements of Deerfield and neighboring Northbrook and Highland Park.
A number of media properties have been set and/or filmed Deerfield, including television drama Once and Again,[45] comedy Married... with Children[46] and portions of reality show American High.[47] In film, the Deerfield train station is shown in the film Risky Business,[48] and Stolen Summer[49] used various parts of the village.
The village was identified as the hometown of Kitty Pryde in the X-Men comics.[50]
Deerfield also figures in the musical Dear Edwina, written by Marcy Heisler, a Deerfield native, and Zina Goldrich. The fictional protagonist lives at 427 Birchwood Avenue in Deerfield. Although the play is set in Paw Paw, Michigan, much of it (including the address) is inspired by Heisler's hometown, Deerfield.
In 2010, the History Channel's documentary The Crumbling of America mentioned Deerfield in a discussion of frequent blackouts that residents experienced over 2000 times from 2000 to 2009.[51]
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| Bannockburn, Illinois / Lincolnshire, Illinois | Bannockburn, Illinois / Lake Forest, Illinois | Highland Park, Illinois | ||
| Riverwoods, Illinois / Buffalo Grove, Illinois | Highland Park, Illinois | |||
| Deerfield, Illinois | ||||
| Northbrook, Illinois / Riverwoods, Illinois | Northbrook, Illinois | Northbrook, Illinois / Highland Park, Illinois |
