The Côa River is a tributary of the Douro River, in central and northeastern Portugal.[1] It is one of the few Portuguese rivers that flows south to north. It flows through the municipalities of Sabugal Municipality, Almeida Municipality, Pinhel Municipality, Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo Municipality and Vila Nova de Foz Côa Municipality, all located in the Guarda District.
The Côa Valley is the site of ancient carvings in stone. It is of particular interest due to its high concentration of Paleolithic art, and because it is found outside of caves, on rocks in plain sight: Jean Clottes, a prominent French prehistorian, had confirm that "is the biggest open air site of paleolithic art in Europe, if not in the world".
The drawings attracted worldwide attention when plans to build a hydroelectric dam across the Côa Valley threatened to submerge them. Although hydroelectric development was already well underway, outcry from locals, the scientific community and the media led to dam construction being halted in 1995, not before a significant proportion of the drawings in the Canada do Inferno area were already underwater. The Côa Valley Archaeological Park was opened in 1996[1], and was declared a protected UNESCO world heritage site. [2] in 1998.
The Côa river was also the site of the Côa Battle during the Peninsular War. There are several castles along Terras de Riba-Côa, such as Sabugal and Pinhel.