Convolutidae

Convolutidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Phylum: Acoelomorpha
Class: Acoela
Order: not assigned
Family: Convolutidae
Genera

Amphiscolops
Brachypea
Conaperta
Convoluta
Haplodiscus
Heterochaerus
Neochildia
Oligochoerus
Oxyposthia
Picola
Polychoerus
Stomatricha
Wulguru
Pseudoconvoluta?
Waminoa?

Convolutidae are a family of free-living flatworms.

Contents

Systematics

Currently the family contains 13 genera, the type genus being Convoluta (Turbellarian taxonomic database,2006).

The genus Waminoa appears, according to recent studies also belong to the family, or is at least closely related (Ogunlana et al., 2005).

Characteristics

Acoels with a ventral mouth opening. Body-wall musculature with circular, longitudinal, and longitudinal crossover muscle fibers in both the dorsal and ventral body wall, and U-shaped fibers in the ventral body wall.

Male copulatory organ with muscular, often glandular, tubular penis. Penis musculature with inner circular fibers and outer longitudinal fibers that anastomose or cross over each other. When present, a muscular seminal vesicle surrounds all of, or a portion of the penis. Male gonopore ventral, subterminal, or terminal at posterior end; usually positioned behind opening to female seminal bursa. Spermatozoa with 9+0 axonemes and axial microtubules.

Algal symbionts often present. Ocelli, when present, contain reflective platelets in the pigment cell and lack cilia or microvilli as receptor organelles (Hooge & Tyler, 2005).

Species

Amphiscolops

Contains the following species:

  • Amphiscolops bermudensis Hyman 1939
  • Amphiscolops blumi Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Amphiscolops carvalhoi Marcus 1952
  • Amphiscolops cinereus (Graff, 1874)
  • Amphiscolops evelinae Marcus 1947
  • Amphiscolops fuligineus Peebles 1913
  • Amphiscolops gemelliporus Marcus 1954
  • Amphiscolops japonicus Kato 1947
  • Amphiscolops langerhansi (Graff, 1882)
  • Amphiscolops marinelliensis Beltagi & Khafagi, 1984
  • Amphiscolops mosaicus Kozloff 1998
  • Amphiscolops potocani Achatz, 2008
  • Amphiscolops trifurcatus (Beltagi 1983)
  • Amphiscolops zeii Riedl 1956

Brachypea

Contains the following species:

  • Brachypea kenoma Antonius 1968

Conaperta

Contains the following species:

  • Conaperta antonii Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Conaperta cirrata Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Conaperta flavibacillum (Jensen, 1878)
  • Conaperta krana Antonius 1968
  • Conaperta lineata (Peebles, 1915)
  • Conaperta thela Antonius 1968

Convoluta

Contains the following species:

  • Convoluta aegyptica Antonius 1968
  • Convoluta albomaculata (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892)
  • Convoluta bohmigi (Brauner, 1920)
  • Convoluta borealis Sabussow 1900
  • Convoluta boyeri Bush 1984
  • Convoluta confusa Graff 1904
  • Convoluta convoluta (Abildgaard, 1806)
  • Convoluta elegans Pereyaslawzewa 1892
  • Convoluta enelitta Antonius 1968
  • Convoluta furugelmi Mamkaev, 1971
  • Convoluta henseni Böhmig, 1895
  • Convoluta hipparchia Pereyaslawzewa 1892
  • Convoluta kikaiensis Yamasu 1982
  • Convoluta lacazii Graff 1891
  • Convoluta lacrimosa Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Convoluta marginalis Ivanov 1952
  • Convoluta naviculae Yamasu 1982
  • Convoluta niphoni Achatz, 2008
  • Convoluta pelagica Lohner & Micoletzky 1911
  • Convoluta philippinensis Bush 1984
  • Convoluta pygopora Antonius 1968
  • Convoluta schmidti Czerniavsky, 1881
  • Convoluta schuelii Achatz, 2008
  • Convoluta sordida Graff 1882
  • Convoluta sutcliffei Hanson, 1961
  • Convoluta variabilis (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892)

Haplodiscus

Contains the following species:

  • Haplodiscus acuminatus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus bocki Dörjes 1970
  • Haplodiscus obtusus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus ovatus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus piger Weldon 1888
  • Haplodiscus weldoni Böhmig, 1895

Heterochaerus

Contains the following species:

  • Heterochaerus australis Haswell 1905
  • Heterochaerus sargassi (Hyman 1939)

Neochildia

Contains the following species:

  • Neochildia fusca Bush, 1975

Oligochoerus

Contains the following species:

  • Oligochoerus bakuensis Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus chlorella Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus conops Beklemischev, 1963
  • Oligochoerus erythrophthalmus Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus limnophilus Ax & Doerjes 1966
  • Oligochoerus melanops Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus xanthella Beklemischev 1963

Oxyposthia

Contains the following species:

  • Oxyposthia praedator Ivanov 1952

Picola

Contains the following species:

  • Picola renei Achatz & Hooge, 2006

Polychoerus

Contains the following species:

  • Polychoerus carmelensis Costello and Costello, 1938
  • Polychoerus caudatus Mark 1892
  • Polychoerus ebenhochi Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Polychoerus parvus Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007

Praesagittifera

Contains the following species:

  • Praesagittifera gracilis (Yamasu, 1982)
  • Praesagittifera naikaiensis (Yamasu, 1982)
  • Praesagittifera shikoki Kostenko & Mamkaev 1990

Stomatricha

Contains the following species:

  • Stomatricha hochbergi Hooge, 2003

Waminoa

Contains the following species:

  • Waminoa brickneri Ogunlana, Hooge, Tekle, Benayahu, Barneah & Tyler, 2005
  • Waminoa litus Winsor 1990

Wulguru

Contains the following species:

  • Wulguru cuspidata Winsor 1988

Sources