The Congress of Black Writers and Artists (French: Congrès des écrivains et artistes noirs; originally called the Congress of Negro Writers and Artists) is a meeting of leading black intellectuals for the purpose of addressing the issues of colonialism, slavery, and Négritude. The First Congress of Black Writers and Artists was organized by the panafrican quarterly cultural, political, and literary review Présence Africaine.[1] It was held in Paris in September 1956.[2] Ahmed Sékou Touré spoke at the Second Congress of Black Writers and Artists, which was held in Rome in 1959.[3]