Catterick, North Yorkshire

Catterick

Catterick Village Green
Catterick

 Catterick shown within North Yorkshire
Population 2,743 (2001)
OS grid reference SE2497
Parish Catterick
District Richmondshire
Shire county North Yorkshire
Region Yorkshire and the Humber
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town RICHMOND
Postcode district DL10
Dialling code 01748
Police North Yorkshire
Fire North Yorkshire
Ambulance Yorkshire
EU Parliament Yorkshire and the Humber
UK Parliament Richmond
List of places: UK • England • Yorkshire

Catterick (Catherick archaically), sometimes Catterick Village, to distinguish it from the nearby Catterick Garrison, is a village and civil parish in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England.[1] It dates back to Roman times, when Cataractonium was a Roman fort protecting the crossing of the Great North Road and Dere Street over the River Swale.

Ptolemy's Geographia of c. 150 mentions it as a landmark to locate the 24th clime.[2]

Catterick is thought to be the site of the Battle of Catraeth (c. 598) mentioned in the Welsh language poem Y Gododdin. This was fought between Celtic British or Brythonic kingdoms and the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Bernicia. Paulinus of York performed baptisms nearby in the River Swale.[3]

In later times, it prospered as a coaching town where travellers up the Great North Road would stop overnight and refresh themselves and their horses; today's Angel Inn was once a coaching inn. Saint Anne's Church overlooks the village and has Norman roots. A mile to the south-east are the surviving earthworks of Killerby Castle, a medieval motte-and-bailey castle.

John Catterick, the Bishop of Exeter, probably came from the village.[4]

Theophilus Lindsey, the Unitarian minister and theologian, held the vicarage of Catterick for ten years from 1763 until 1773, partly to live close to his friend and father in law Francis Blackburne.[5] David Simpson also visited.[6] In around 1764 he founded one of the first Sunday schools in England in the village.

The stock breeder Thomas Booth was the owner and farmer of the nearby estate of Killerby.[7]

Alexander John Scott held the vicarage of Catterick from 1816 until his death in 1840.[8]

Sir William Brown, 1st Baronet, of Richmond Hill attended school in Catterick.[9] William Henry Angas attended boarding school at Catterick.[10] George Fife Angas attended Catterick School from 1801-04.[11]

Frederick John Jackson, the colonial governor and naturalist, was born in Catterick in 1860.[12]

At the 2001 census, Catterick Village had 2,743 residents, most of whom work in the adjacent Garrison, in farming, or in the local towns of Richmond, Darlington, Northallerton or on Teesside. Previously RAF Catterick the airfield to the south of the village was transferred to the Army and is now Marne Barracks, named after the site of two significant battles of World War I.

The £1m A1 bypass was opened in 1959 by Lord Chesham, the Joint Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Transport.

Etymology

"Cataractonium" looks like a Latin/Greek mixture meaning "place of a waterfall", but it has been suggested that it was originally a Celtic name meaning "[place of] battle ramparts", as partly supported by the spelling Κατουρακτονιον on the Ptolemy world map.[13]

References

  1. ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=gPwMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA18&dq=Archdeacon+of+Richmond&hl=en&ei=AVy8Tfj8AtCr8AOG25jQBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Archdeacon%20of%20Richmond&f=false
  2. ^ Stevenson, Edward Luther. Trans. and ed. 1932. Claudius Ptolemy: The Geography. New York Public Library. Reprint: Dover, 1991, Latinized English translation, Book II Chapter 2, web edition at http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/2*.html#Caturactonium retrieved on 16 August 2006
  3. ^ Marios Costambeys, ‘Paulinus [St Paulinus] (d. 644)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, October 2005 accessed 30 April 2011
  4. ^ R. G. Davies, ‘Catterick , John (d. 1419)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  5. ^ Albert Nicholson, ‘Lindsey, Theophilus (1723–1808)’, rev. G. M. Ditchfield, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 ;online edn, May 2009 accessed 30 April 2011
  6. ^ Mark Smith, ‘Simpson, David (1745–1799)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  7. ^ G. C. Boase, ‘Booth, Thomas (c.1755–1835)’, rev. Anne Pimlott Baker, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  8. ^ J. K. Laughton, ‘Scott, Alexander John (1768–1840)’, rev. Roger Morriss, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  9. ^ J. R. Killick, ‘Brown, Sir William, first baronet (1784–1864)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2009 accessed 30 April 2011
  10. ^ Roald Kverndal, ‘Angas, William Henry (1781–1832)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  11. ^ P. A. Howell, ‘Angas, George Fife (1789–1879)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 30 April 2011
  12. ^ Oliver Furley, ‘Jackson, Sir Frederick John (1860–1929)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2011 accessed 30 April 2011
  13. ^ Rivet & Smith, ( Ed. 1979-1982), Place-Names of Roman Britain

External links

Yorkshire Portal
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