| Type | Private |
|---|---|
| Industry | Air Ambulance service |
| Founded | San Francisco, California, 1983 |
| Headquarters | McClellan, California, U.S. |
| Area served | Parts of Northern California, Central California and Northern Nevada |
| Key people | Lynn Malmstrom (CEO, Ken Meehan Chairman of the Board) |
| Website | www.calstar.org |
CALSTAR (California Shock Trauma Air Rescue) is a nonprofit regional air ambulance company serving California and northern Nevada. It is currently the largest nonprofit air ambulance provider on the West Coast.[1]
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CALSTAR was founded as a nonprofit public benefit corporation in 1983, and began flight operations the following year using a leased BK 117 helicopter based at Peninsula Hospital in San Mateo, California.[2] In its first year, CALSTAR flew 235 patients.
By 2010, CALSTAR’s operations had grown to ten helicopter EMS bases located throughout Northern and Central California and a fixed wing program providing inter-facility transport services from the company’s headquarters at McClellan Park (formerly McClellan Air Force Base) in Sacramento, California.
Since its inception, CALSTAR has provided air medical transport services to more than 45,000 critically ill and injured patients, and has logged over 60,000 accident-free flight hours.
All CALSTAR pilots have a minimum of 3,000 hours of pilot-in-command flight time. CALSTAR operates under its own Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Part 135 Air Carrier Certificate and Part 145 Repair Station, and is directly responsible for all aspects of its flight operations and aircraft maintenance.
CALSTAR operates a fleet of Eurocopter MBB BO-105, Bell 222, Agusta 109 and MD 902 Explorer helicopters. All aircraft are modified with special medical interiors, high skid gear, high intensity search lights and more than 20,000 radio frequencies for in-flight communications. CALSTAR also utilizes Cessna 421 airplanes for long-range inter-facility transports.[3]
Each CALSTAR flight crew is staffed with two registered nurses. CALSTAR flight nurses must achieve and maintain Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN), Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN), Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) certifications.[4]
CALSTAR flight nurses deliver care under the medical control provided by CALSTAR's medical director, in accordance with the California Nurse's Practice Act of 1974 as well as specific company procedures and protocols. All medical care provided by CALSTAR comes under close scrutiny from the organization's quality assurance/quality improvement program, which is protected under Section 1157.5 of the California Evidence Code.
Since 2001, CALSTAR has been fully accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Medical Transport Systems (CAMTS), which acknowledges excellence in patient care, safety and education. [5]Accreditation must be maintained through rigorous evaluation every three years.
In 2009, CALSTAR completed a six-year project to retrofit its fleet of Eurocopter BO-105 LS aircraft with upgraded Rolls-Royce 250-C30P model engines, an enhancement designed to improve safety while significantly reducing emissions and operating costs. The FAA granted CALSTAR a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) approving the engine retrofit for the entire BO-105 LS fleet nationwide.[6]
CALSTAR worked closely on the project with Rolls-Royce as well as the late Steve Fossett. Fossett, a famed businessman and adventurer, had selected the BO-105 LS for an endurance record he was hoping to set. He was so interested in the C30P engine upgrade that he lent CALSTAR his personal aircraft to conduct all of the required flight testing.[7] The retrofitted BO-105 LS was later nicknamed the “Fossett Special.”
CALSTAR also received FAA approval in 2009 for the first three helicopter Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) GPS approach procedures in the world. The WAAS procedures were developed by Hickok & Associates, who have since implemented additional helicopter WAAS approaches for air medical providers throughout the United States, Europe and Asia.[8]