Calretinin
Calretinin also known as 29 kDa calbindin is a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein involved in calcium signaling. In humans, the calretinin protein is encoded by the CALB2 gene.[1][2]
Function
This gene encodes an intracellular calcium-binding protein belonging to the troponin C superfamily. Members of this protein family have six EF-hand domains which bind calcium. This protein plays a role in diverse cellular functions, including message targeting and intracellular calcium buffering. It also functions as a modulator of neuronal excitability, and is a diagnostic marker for some human diseases, including Hirschsprung disease and some cancers.[1]
Calretinin is abundantly expressed in neurons and in hair follicles.[3]
Clinical significance
Calretinin stains pleural (lung) and peritoneal mesothelioma (abdomen)[4] and can be used to help differentiate different lung tumours.[5]
References
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: calbindin 2". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=794.
- ^ Parmentier M, Passage E, Vassart G, Mattei MG (1991). "The human calbindin D28k (CALB1) and calretinin (CALB2) genes are located at 8q21.3----q22.1 and 16q22----q23, respectively, suggesting a common duplication with the carbonic anhydrase isozyme loci". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 57 (1): 41–3. doi:10.1159/000133111. PMID 1906795.
- ^ Poblet E, Jimenez F, de Cabo C, Prieto-Martin A, Sánchez-Prieto R (June 2005). "The calcium-binding protein calretinin is a marker of the companion cell layer of the human hair follicle". Br. J. Dermatol. 152 (6): 1316–20. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06603.x. PMID 15948999.
- ^ Saydan N, Salicio V, Cappelli-Gotzos B, Gotzos V (2001). "Expression of calretinin in human mesothelioma cell lines and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry". Anticancer Res. 21 (1A): 181–8. PMID 11299732.
- ^ Marchevsky AM (March 2008). "Application of immunohistochemistry to the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 132 (3): 397–401. PMID 18318582. http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0003-9985&volume=132&page=397.
Further reading
- Alaeddini M, Etemad-Moghadam S, Baghaii F (2008). "Comparative expression of calretinin in selected odontogenic tumours: a possible relationship to histogenesis.". Histopathology 52 (3): 299–304. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02948.x. PMID 18269580.
- Guinard-Samuel V, Bonnard A, De Lagausie P, et al. (2009). "Calretinin immunohistochemistry: a simple and efficient tool to diagnose Hirschsprung disease.". Mod. Pathol. 22 (10): 1379–84. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2009.110. PMID 19648883.
- Seress L, Abrahám H, Czéh B, et al. (2008). "Calretinin expression in hilar mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus of nonhuman primates and humans.". Hippocampus 18 (4): 425–34. doi:10.1002/hipo.20403. PMID 18189312.
- Zhang H, Bu H, Chen H, et al. (2008). "Comparison of immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of adrenocortical tumors: immunohistochemical analysis of adrenocortical tumors.". Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 16 (1): 32–9. doi:10.1097/PAI.0b013e318032cf56. PMID 18091323.
- Vonlanthen S, Kawecki TJ, Betticher DC, et al. (2007). "Heterozygosity of SNP513 in intron 9 of the human calretinin gene (CALB2) is a risk factor for colon cancer.". Anticancer Res. 27 (6C): 4279–88. PMID 18214032.
- Barbe L, Lundberg E, Oksvold P, et al. (2008). "Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome.". Mol. Cell Proteomics 7 (3): 499–508. doi:10.1074/mcp.M700325-MCP200. PMID 18029348.
- Lee ES, Leong AS, Kim YS, et al. (2006). "Calretinin, CD34, and alpha-smooth muscle actin in the identification of peritoneal invasive implants of serous borderline tumors of the ovary.". Mod. Pathol. 19 (3): 364–72. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800539. PMID 16415795.
- Iio K, Nagasawa Y, Iwatani H, et al. (2010). "Microarray analysis of tonsils in immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 393 (4): 565–70. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.120. PMID 20138841.
- DeVilliers P, Liu H, Suggs C, et al. (2008). "Calretinin expression in the differential diagnosis of human ameloblastoma and keratocystic odontogenic tumor.". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 32 (2): 256–60. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3181452176. PMID 18223328.
- Portugal R, Oliva E (2009). "Calretinin: diagnostic utility in the female genital tract.". Adv Anat Pathol 16 (2): 118–24. doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e31819923ce. PMID 19550372.
- Winn B, Tavares R, Fanion J, et al. (2009). "Differentiating the undifferentiated: immunohistochemical profile of medullary carcinoma of the colon with an emphasis on intestinal differentiation.". Hum. Pathol. 40 (3): 398–404. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2008.08.014. PMC 2657293. PMID 18992917. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2657293.
- Melotti A, Daga A, Marubbi D, et al. (2010). "In vitro and in vivo characterization of highly purified human mesothelioma derived cells.". BMC Cancer 10: 54. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-54. PMC 2850899. PMID 20175889. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2850899.
- Häner K, Henzi T, Pfefferli M, et al. (2010). "A bipartite butyrate-responsive element in the human calretinin (CALB2) promoter acts as a repressor in colon carcinoma cells but not in mesothelioma cells.". J. Cell. Biochem. 109 (3): 519–31. doi:10.1002/jcb.22429. PMID 19998412.
- Henzi T, Blum WV, Pfefferli M, et al. (2009). "SV40-induced expression of calretinin protects mesothelial cells from asbestos cytotoxicity and may be a key factor contributing to mesothelioma pathogenesis.". Am. J. Pathol. 174 (6): 2324–36. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.080352. PMC 2684196. PMID 19435792. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2684196.
- Barinka F, Druga R, Marusic P, et al. (2010). "Calretinin immunoreactivity in focal cortical dysplasias and in non-malformed epileptic cortex.". Epilepsy Res. 88 (1): 76–86. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.09.021. PMID 19854615.
- Mai KT, Teo I, Al Moghrabi H, et al. (2008). "Calretinin and CD34 immunoreactivity of the endometrial stroma in normal endometrium and change of the immunoreactivity in dysfunctional uterine bleeding with evidence of 'disordered endometrial stroma'.". Pathology 40 (5): 493–9. doi:10.1080/00313020802197897. PMID 18604736.
- Massouh M, Wallman MJ, Pourcher E, Parent A (2008). "The fate of the large striatal interneurons expressing calretinin in Huntington's disease.". Neurosci. Res. 62 (4): 216–24. doi:10.1016/j.neures.2008.08.007. PMID 18801393.
- Rougemont AL, Sartelet H, Oligny LL, et al. (2007). "Accessory liver lobe with mesothelial inclusion cysts in an omphalocele: a new malformative association.". Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. 10 (3): 224–8. doi:10.2350/06-08-0148.1. PMID 17535091.
- Camp AJ, Wijesinghe R (2009). "Calretinin: modulator of neuronal excitability.". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 41 (11): 2118–21. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.007. PMID 19450707.
- Clements RJ, McDonough J, Freeman EJ (2008). "Distribution of parvalbumin and calretinin immunoreactive interneurons in motor cortex from multiple sclerosis post-mortem tissue.". Exp Brain Res 187 (3): 459–65. doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1317-9. PMID 18297277.
External links
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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| Cell membrane |
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Intracellular signaling
& calc. regulation |
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Calcium-binding
protein domains |
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| Extracellular ligands |
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| Calcium-binding proteins |
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B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)
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