In the Welsh language, caer means "fortress", "fort" or "citadel"/"castle".
Caer is the Welsh name for the city of Chester, situated in northwest England. It also forms, as a prefix, the Welsh equivalent of -caster, -cester and -chester in place names. The English word derives from Latin castrum "fortified post", more common in the plural castra meaning "military camp" and is the equivalent of castell (castle) in Welsh. The word caer itself derives from the Brythonic word *kagro-, as does the word cae (modern Welsh for "field", i.e. an enclosed piece of land).[1]
Examples in Wales include:
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Examples of Welsh "Caer" names as exonyms for English cities:
Southern Scotland contains many placenames with a "Caer" element, toponymic remnants of the Kingdoms of Yr Hen Ogledd. Some examples are: