Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor

PDB rendering based on 1eaj.

Available structures
PDB	1EAJ, 1F5W, 1JEW, 1KAC, 1P69, 1P6A, 1RSF, 2J12, 2J1K, 2NPL, 2W9L, 2WBW

Identifiers

Symbols

CXADR; CAR; CAR4/6; HCAR

External IDs

OMIM: 602621 MGI: 1201679 HomoloGene: 1024 GeneCards: CXADR Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• receptor activity
Cellular component	• acrosomal vesicle • extracellular region • nucleus • cytoplasm • plasma membrane • plasma membrane • integral to plasma membrane • cell-cell junction • adherens junction • tight junction • basolateral plasma membrane • cell junction
Biological process	• mitochondrion organization • cell adhesion • heart development • blood coagulation • interspecies interaction between organisms • cell-cell junction organization • cardiac muscle fiber development • regulation of immune response • leukocyte migration • negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 21:
18.88 – 18.97 Mb

Chr 16:
78.3 – 78.36 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXADR gene.^[1]^[2]^[3] The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane receptor for group B coxsackie viruses and subgroup C adenoviruses. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 15, 18, and 21.^[3]

Function

CAR is strongly expressed in the developing central nervous system. It functions as a homophilic and also as a heterophilic cell adhesion molecule through its interactions with extracellular matrix glycoproteins such as: fibronectin, agrin, laminin-1 and tenascin-R.^[4]

References

^ Bergelson JM, Cunningham JA, Droguett G, Kurt-Jones EA, Krithivas A, Hong JS, Horwitz MS, Crowell RL, Finberg RW (Mar 1997). "Isolation of a common receptor for Coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses 2 and 5". Science 275 (5304): 1320–3. doi:10.1126/science.275.5304.1320. PMID 9036860.
^ Tomko RP, Xu R, Philipson L (May 1997). "HCAR and MCAR: the human and mouse cellular receptors for subgroup C adenoviruses and group B coxsackieviruses". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 (7): 3352–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3352. PMC 20373. PMID 9096397. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=20373.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: CXADR coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1525.
^ Patzke C, Max KE, Behlke J, Schreiber J, Schmidt H, Dorner AA, Kröger S, Henning M, Otto A, Heinemann U, Rathjen FG (Feb 2010). "The Coxsackievirus-Adenovirus Receptor reveals complex homophilic and heterophilic interactions on neural cells". Journal of Neuroscience 30 (8): 2897–2910. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5725-09.2010. PMID 20181587.

Carson SD (2002). "Receptor for the group B coxsackieviruses and adenoviruses: CAR.". Rev. Med. Virol. 11 (4): 219–26. doi:10.1002/rmv.318. PMID 11479928.
Selinka HC, Wolde A, Sauter M, et al. (2004). "Virus-receptor interactions of coxsackie B viruses and their putative influence on cardiotropism.". Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 193 (2–3): 127–31. doi:10.1007/s00430-003-0193-y. PMID 12920584.
Carson SD, Chapman NN, Tracy SM (1997). "Purification of the putative coxsackievirus B receptor from HeLa cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233 (2): 325–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6449. PMID 9144533.
Bergelson JM, Krithivas A, Celi L, et al. (1998). "The murine CAR homolog is a receptor for coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses". J. Virol. 72 (1): 415–9. PMC 109389. PMID 9420240. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=109389.
Fechner H, Haack A, Wang H, et al. (2000). "Expression of coxsackie adenovirus receptor and alphav-integrin does not correlate with adenovector targeting in vivo indicating anatomical vector barriers". Gene Ther. 6 (9): 1520–35. doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3301030. PMID 10490761.
Bowles KR, Gibson J, Wu J, et al. (1999). "Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human Coxsackievirus B-adenovirus receptor gene". Hum. Genet. 105 (4): 354–9. doi:10.1007/s004390051114. PMID 10543405.
Bewley MC, Springer K, Zhang YB, et al. (1999). "Structural analysis of the mechanism of adenovirus binding to its human cellular receptor, CAR". Science 286 (5444): 1579–83. doi:10.1126/science.286.5444.1579. PMID 10567268.
Tomko RP, Johansson CB, Totrov M, et al. (2000). "Expression of the adenovirus receptor and its interaction with the fiber knob". Exp. Cell Res. 255 (1): 47–55. doi:10.1006/excr.1999.4761. PMID 10666333.
van Raaij MJ, Chouin E, van der Zandt H, et al. (2001). "Dimeric structure of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor D1 domain at 1.7 A resolution". Structure 8 (11): 1147–55. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00528-1. PMID 11080637.
Cohen CJ, Gaetz J, Ohman T, Bergelson JM (2001). "Multiple regions within the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor cytoplasmic domain are required for basolateral sorting". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (27): 25392–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009531200. PMID 11316797.
Noutsias M, Fechner H, de Jonge H, et al. (2001). "Human coxsackie-adenovirus receptor is colocalized with integrins alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) on the cardiomyocyte sarcolemma and upregulated in dilated cardiomyopathy: implications for cardiotropic viral infections". Circulation 104 (3): 275–80. PMID 11457744.
Thoelen I, Magnusson C, Tågerud S, et al. (2001). "Identification of alternative splice products encoded by the human coxsackie-adenovirus receptor gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 287 (1): 216–22. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5535. PMID 11549277.
He Y, Chipman PR, Howitt J, et al. (2001). "Interaction of coxsackievirus B3 with the full length coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor". Nat. Struct. Biol. 8 (10): 874–8. doi:10.1038/nsb1001-874. PMID 11573093.
Cohen CJ, Shieh JT, Pickles RJ, et al. (2002). "The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor is a transmembrane component of the tight junction". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (26): 15191–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.261452898. PMC 65005. PMID 11734628. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=65005.
Law LK, Davidson BL (2002). "Adenovirus serotype 30 fiber does not mediate transduction via the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor". J. Virol. 76 (2): 656–61. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.2.656-661.2002. PMC 136819. PMID 11752156. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=136819.
van't Hof W, Crystal RG (2002). "Fatty acid modification of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor". J. Virol. 76 (12): 6382–6. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.12.6382-6386.2002. PMC 136239. PMID 12021372. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=136239.
Walters RW, Freimuth P, Moninger TO, et al. (2002). "Adenovirus fiber disrupts CAR-mediated intercellular adhesion allowing virus escape". Cell 110 (6): 789–99. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00912-1. PMID 12297051.

PDB gallery

1eaj: DIMERIC STRUCTURE OF THE COXSACKIE VIRUS AND ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR D1 DOMAIN AT 1.35 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION

1f5w: DIMERIC STRUCTURE OF THE COXSACKIE VIRUS AND ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR D1 DOMAIN

1kac: KNOB DOMAIN FROM ADENOVIRUS SEROTYPE 12 IN COMPLEX WITH DOMAIN 1 OF ITS CELLULAR RECEPTOR CAR

1p69: STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR VARIATION IN ADENOVIRUS AFFINITY FOR THE CELLULAR RECEPTOR CAR (P417S MUTANT)

1p6a: STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR VARIATION IN ASDENOVIRUS AFFINITY FOR THE CELLULAR RECEPTOR CAR (S489Y MUTANT)

1rsf: NMR Structure of Monomeric CAR d1 domain

2j12: AD37 FIBRE HEAD IN COMPLEX WITH CAR D1

2j1k: CAV-2 FIBRE HEAD IN COMPLEX WITH CAR D1

2npl: NMR Structure of CARD d2 Domain

Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor

Function

References

Further reading