CHD4
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD4 gene.[1][2][3]
The product of this gene belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. It represents the main component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex and plays an important role in epigenetic transcriptional repression. Patients with dermatomyositis develop antibodies against this protein.[3]
Interactions
CHD4 has been shown to interact with HDAC1,[4][5][6] Histone deacetylase 2,[7][8][6] MTA2,[4] SATB1[9] and Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related.[8]
References
- ^ Seelig HP, Moosbrugger I, Ehrfeld H, Fink T, Renz M, Genth E (Nov 1995). "The major dermatomyositis-specific Mi-2 autoantigen is a presumed helicase involved in transcriptional activation". Arthritis Rheum 38 (10): 1389–99. doi:10.1002/art.1780381006. PMID 7575689.
- ^ Seelig HP, Renz M, Targoff IN, Ge Q, Frank MB (Nov 1996). "Two forms of the major antigenic protein of the dermatomyositis-specific Mi-2 autoantigen". Arthritis Rheum 39 (10): 1769–71. doi:10.1002/art.1780391029. PMID 8843877.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: CHD4 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1108.
- ^ a b Yao, Ya-Li; Yang Wen-Ming (Oct. 2003). "The metastasis-associated proteins 1 and 2 form distinct protein complexes with histone deacetylase activity". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (43): 42560–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302955200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12920132.
- ^ Grozinger, C M; Hassig C A, Schreiber S L (Apr. 1999). "Three proteins define a class of human histone deacetylases related to yeast Hda1p". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 96 (9): 4868–73. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.4868. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 21783. PMID 10220385. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=21783.
- ^ a b Tong, J K; Hassig C A, Schnitzler G R, Kingston R E, Schreiber S L (Oct. 1998). "Chromatin deacetylation by an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling complex". Nature (ENGLAND) 395 (6705): 917–21. doi:10.1038/27699. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 9804427.
- ^ Hakimi, Mohamed-Ali; Dong Yuanshu, Lane William S, Speicher David W, Shiekhattar Ramin (Feb. 2003). "A candidate X-linked mental retardation gene is a component of a new family of histone deacetylase-containing complexes". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (9): 7234–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208992200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12493763.
- ^ a b Schmidt, D R; Schreiber S L (Nov. 1999). "Molecular association between ATR and two components of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylating complex, HDAC2 and CHD4". Biochemistry (UNITED STATES) 38 (44): 14711–7. doi:10.1021/bi991614n. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 10545197.
- ^ Yasui, Dag; Miyano Masaru, Cai Shutao, Varga-Weisz Patrick, Kohwi-Shigematsu Terumi (Oct. 2002). "SATB1 targets chromatin remodelling to regulate genes over long distances". Nature (England) 419 (6907): 641–5. doi:10.1038/nature01084. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12374985.
Further reading
- Denslow SA, Wade PA (2007). "The human Mi-2/NuRD complex and gene regulation". Oncogene 26 (37): 5433–8. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210611. PMID 17694084.
- Ge Q, Nilasena DS, O'Brien CA, et al. (1995). "Molecular analysis of a major antigenic region of the 240-kD protein of Mi-2 autoantigen". J. Clin. Invest. 96 (4): 1730–7. doi:10.1172/JCI118218. PMC 185809. PMID 7560064. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=185809.
- Woodage T, Basrai MA, Baxevanis AD, et al. (1997). "Characterization of the CHD family of proteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (21): 11472–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.21.11472. PMC 23509. PMID 9326634. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=23509.
- Zhang Y, LeRoy G, Seelig HP, et al. (1998). "The dermatomyositis-specific autoantigen Mi2 is a component of a complex containing histone deacetylase and nucleosome remodeling activities". Cell 95 (2): 279–89. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81758-4. PMID 9790534.
- Tong JK, Hassig CA, Schnitzler GR, et al. (1998). "Chromatin deacetylation by an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling complex". Nature 395 (6705): 917–21. doi:10.1038/27699. PMID 9804427.
- Zhang Y, Ng HH, Erdjument-Bromage H, et al. (1999). "Analysis of the NuRD subunits reveals a histone deacetylase core complex and a connection with DNA methylation". Genes Dev. 13 (15): 1924–35. doi:10.1101/gad.13.15.1924. PMC 316920. PMID 10444591. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=316920.
- Schmidt DR, Schreiber SL (1999). "Molecular association between ATR and two components of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylating complex, HDAC2 and CHD4". Biochemistry 38 (44): 14711–7. doi:10.1021/bi991614n. PMID 10545197.
- Humphrey GW, Wang Y, Russanova VR, et al. (2001). "Stable histone deacetylase complexes distinguished by the presence of SANT domain proteins CoREST/kiaa0071 and Mta-L1". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (9): 6817–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007372200. PMID 11102443.
- Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, et al. (2002). "Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus". Curr. Biol. 12 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9. PMID 11790298.
- Koipally J, Georgopoulos K (2002). "A molecular dissection of the repression circuitry of Ikaros". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (31): 27697–705. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201694200. PMID 12015313.
- Saito M, Ishikawa F (2002). "The mCpG-binding domain of human MBD3 does not bind to mCpG but interacts with NuRD/Mi2 components HDAC1 and MTA2". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (38): 35434–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203455200. PMID 12124384.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Hakimi MA, Dong Y, Lane WS, et al. (2003). "A candidate X-linked mental retardation gene is a component of a new family of histone deacetylase-containing complexes". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7234–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208992200. PMID 12493763.
- Kwan AH, Gell DA, Verger A, et al. (2004). "Engineering a protein scaffold from a PHD finger". Structure 11 (7): 803–13. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00122-9. PMID 12842043.
- Shimono Y, Murakami H, Kawai K, et al. (2004). "Mi-2 beta associates with BRG1 and RET finger protein at the distinct regions with transcriptional activating and repressing abilities". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (51): 51638–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309198200. PMID 14530259.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Williams CJ, Naito T, Arco PG, et al. (2004). "The chromatin remodeler Mi-2beta is required for CD4 expression and T cell development". Immunity 20 (6): 719–33. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2004.05.005. PMID 15189737.
- Lehner B, Sanderson CM (2004). "A protein interaction framework for human mRNA degradation". Genome Res. 14 (7): 1315–23. doi:10.1101/gr.2122004. PMC 442147. PMID 15231747. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=442147.
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PDB gallery
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1mm2: Solution structure of the 2nd PHD domain from Mi2b
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