Bungarotoxin

Bungarotoxins are a group of closely related neurotoxic proteins derived from the venom of kraits including Bungarus multicinctus.[1] They are neurotoxic proteins. α-Bungarotoxin inhibits the binding of acetylcholine (ACh) to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; β- and γ-bungarotoxins act presynaptically causing excessive acetylcholine release and subsequent depletion. Both α and β forms have been characterized, the α being similar to the long or Type II neurotoxins from other elapid venoms.

There are three types:

History

Banded Krait venom began to be studied by Chuan-Chiung Chang and Chen-Yuan Lee of the National Taiwan University in the 1950s;[2] however, it was not until 1963 that its components were separated and isolated.[3]

References

  1. ^ MeSH Bungarotoxins
  2. ^ Chang C (1999). "Looking back on the discovery of alpha-bungarotoxin". J. Biomed. Sci. 6 (6): 368–75. PMID 10545772. 
  3. ^ Chu N (2005). "Contribution of a snake venom toxin to myasthenia gravis: the discovery of alpha-bungarotoxin in Taiwan". Journal of the history of the neurosciences 14 (2): 138–48. doi:10.1080/096470490881770. PMID 16019658. http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&ProduktNr=224178&Ausgabe=226136&ArtikelNr=25412&filename=25412.pdf. 
Bacterial toxins
Mycotoxins
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species

M: TOX

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