Bun'ei
This article is about the Japanese era; for the Ryukyuan king, see Bunei (Ryukyu).
Bun'ei (文永?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,?, lit. "year name") after Kōchō and before Kenji. This period spanned the years from February 1264 to April 1275.[1] The reigning emperor was Kameyama-tennō (亀山天皇?).[2]
Change of era
- 1264 Bun'ei gannen (文永元年?); 1264: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kōchō 4.
Events of the Bun'ei era
- 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 1st month): In the 15th year of Kameyama-tennō 's reign (亀山天皇15年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his cousin.[3]
- 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 3rd month): Emperor Go-Uda is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).[4] The retired Emperor Kameyama continued to exercise power as cloistered emperor.
- 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 10th month): Hirohito-shinnō was named Crown Prince and heir to his first cousin, the Daikakuji-tō Emperor Go-Uda. This was the result of political maeuvering by Hirohito's father, the Jimyōin-tō Emperor Go-Fukakusa.[5]
- November 19, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month): Battle of Bun'ei -- Kublai Khan's Mongol forces land at Hakata Bay near Fukuoka in Kyūshū. After landing and some armed skirmishes, the invaders withdraw to spend the night on shipboard. That night, a storm sinks several ships, and the fleet retreats to Korea rather than pressing their initial advantage.[6] In the course of the day's fighting, the Hakozaki Shrine was burned to the ground.[7] Nihon Ōdai Ichiran explains that the invaders were defeated because they lacked arrows.[8]
See also
Notes
- ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Bun'ei" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 90 at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
- ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 253-261 at Google Books; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 232-233.
- ^ Titsingh, p. 261 at Google Books; Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
- ^ Titsingh, p. 262 at Google Books; Varley, p. 44.
- ^ Titsingh, p. 262, 270. at Google Books
- ^ Davis, Paul K. (2001). 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present, p. 147.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400, p. 66.
- ^ Titsingh, p. 262 at Google Books.
References
External links
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