| Antarctic expeditions |
|---|
| International agreements |
| 1932–33 International Polar Year 1957–58 International Geophysical Year 1959 Antarctic Treaty System |
| British Empire / Commonwealth |
| 1901–04 Scott's first expedition 1907–09 Shackleton's first expedition 1910–13 Scott's second expedition 1911–14 Mawson's first expedition 1914–17 Shackleton's second expedition 1921–22 Shackleton's third expedition 1929–31 Mawson's second expedition 1934–37 Graham Land expedition 1943–45 Operation Tabarin 1955–58 Trans-Antarctic Expedition |
| France |
| 1903–05 Charcot's first expedition 1908–10 Charcot's second expedition |
| Germany |
| 1901–03 Drygalski (Gauss) expedition 1911–12 Filchner expedition 1938–39 New Swabia expedition |
| Japan |
| 1910–12 Japanese Antarctic Expedition |
| Norway |
| 1910–12 Amundsen expedition |
| Sweden |
| 1901–04 Swedish Antarctic Expedition |
| United States |
| 1928–30 Byrd's first expedition 1946–47 Operation Highjump 1947–48 Operation Windmill 1947–48 Ronne expedition 1955–56 Operation Deep Freeze |
A British expedition to Graham Land led by John Lachlan Cope took place between 1920 and 1922.
The British Graham Land Expedition (or BGLE) was a geophysical and exploration expedition to Graham Land in Antarctica between 1934 to 1937. Under the leadership of John Riddoch Rymill, the expedition spent two years in the Antarctic. The expedition determined that Graham Land was a peninsula.[1] The expedition used a combination of traditional and modern practices in Antarctic exploration, using both dog teams and motor sledges as well as a single-engine de Havilland Fox Moth aircraft for exploration. Transportation to the Antarctic was in an elderly three-masted sailing ship christened the Penola, which had an unreliable auxiliary engine.[1] Additional supplies were brought on the ship Discovery II.
The expedition was one of the last privately-sponsored Antarctic missions, with only part of the cost covered by the UK government. Although the expedition had a very small budget, it was successful in its scientific objectives. Air survey photography and mapping was carried out for 1000 miles (1600 km) of the Graham Land coast.
All sixteen members of the landing party received the Polar Medal. One of the participants of the BGLE was Dr. Brian Birley Roberts, who later contributed to the drafting of the Antarctic Treaty.[2]