| Bonchurch | |
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Bonchurch
Bonchurch shown within the Isle of Wight |
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| Parish | Ventnor |
|---|---|
| Unitary authority | Isle of Wight |
| Ceremonial county | Isle of Wight |
| Region | South East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | VENTNOR |
| Postcode district | PO38 |
| Dialling code | 01983 |
| Police | Hampshire |
| Fire | Isle of Wight |
| Ambulance | Isle of Wight |
| EU Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | Isle of Wight |
| List of places: UK • England • Isle of Wight | |
Bonchurch is a small village to the East of Ventnor, on the southern part of the Isle of Wight, England. It is situated on The Undercliff, which itself is subject to regular landslips. A large section of the settlement is found in Upper Bonchurch, halfway up St Boniface Down on the main A3055 road. A nearby Site of Special Scientific Interest is actually named Bonchurch Landslips (or "The Landslip"). Bonchurch is one of the oldest settlements on the Isle of Wight.[1][2]
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The presence of a water spring is believed to be the reason why humans first settled in the area where present-day Bonchurch is located.[1][2] A prehistoric race lived in the area[2] around the Undercliff, land which was wild forest.[1] Evidence has also been found showing that men that lived during the Stone Age had lived near to the water spring.[1] Five burial mounds have been discovered at St. Boniface Down.[1] Evidence has also been discovered showing that the Romans[2] established a settlement in the area.[1]
The Saxon patron saint, St. Boniface, is believed to have visited the Isle of Wight, and possibly the area where Bonchurch is now located, in the 8th century. Legend states that monks from Lyra in Normandy landed at Monks Bay, near to modern-day Bonchurch, and erected a building in dedication to St. Boniface. This building could be the wooden building which is believed to have existed in the 9th century where the Old Church now stands.
The first documented proof of the existence of Bonchurch is found in the Domesday Book.[1][2][3] In the Domesday Book, the settlement was called Bonecerce.[3] 'Cerce' is Anglo-Saxon for 'church', whilst 'Bone' is presumed to have been derived from St. Boniface.[3]
Bonchurch has two churches.[1] The oldest one is called the Old Church.[1] The Domesday Book recorded its existence.[1] See Old St. Boniface Church, Bonchurch and St. Boniface Church, Bonchurch.
In July 1545, the Battle of Bonchurch was fought.[4] 500 French soldiers had landed at the coast near Bonchurch, one of three landings that took place on the coastline of the Isle of Wight by French soldiers.[4] 300 Isle of Wight militiamen engaged the French forces, and the militiamen won the engagement.[4] Some accounts state that local women participated in the battle by shootng arrows at the French soldiers.[4] The victory is considered to have decisively stopped the French invasion of the Isle of Wight.[4]
Soon after the battle, a number of men from the French fleet which had retreated from the Solent after the Battle of the Solent landed on the coast near Bonchurch.[4] The men were engaged in a military action by English soldiers whilst they were on a mission to collect fresh water on the island.[4] A French senior officer, Chevalier D'Aux, was killed. His body was buried in Bonchurch, but would be exhumed and taken back to France in 1548 after the war between England and France had ceased.[4]
In the mid to late 19th Century, Bonchurch developed into a fashionable centre for writers and artists. Celebrated Victorians such as Charles Dickens, Thomas Carlyle, and Lord Macauley came here and stayed in large villas that they rented, often for the season.
The poet Algernon Charles Swinburne spent his boyhood in Bonchurch, at East Dene, and was buried in 1909 at Bonchurch New Church, his grave being the subject of a poem by Thomas Hardy. He had an atheist funeral which was picketted in protest by his relatives. In the 20th Century Henry de Vere Stacpoole lived in the village for over 40 years, and was buried here in 1951.
In the 2006 TV Robin Hood, Much is made Earl of Bonchurch in the episode "A Thing or Two About Loyalty". It is implied it is not far from Locksley, but the non-fictional geography is different.
The village is also the setting of Graham Masterton's supernatural horror novel Prey.
Southern Vectis route 3 is the main bus service through the upper part of the village, to Newport, Ryde, Sandown and Shanklin, with Night buses on the weekends. Wightbus run local service 31 to Ventnor.
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