Biryulka
Biryulka (Russian: Бирю́лька) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kachugsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, on the Lena River near its headwaters northwest of Lake Baikal. Its population can be estimated from the number of voters: 1,021.
It is the administrative center of the Biryulskoye Rural Settlement. Its head is Tatyana Sergeyeva, of the United Russia party who was elected in October 2009.[6]
History
The village is named after the small Bira River, the name of which comes from an Evenk word.
In 1688, 16 peasant families formed a settlement here.[3] The founders were Stepan Alexandrovich and Michael Kostyakov. The Yakutsk stavlenik Onichkov allocated them an average of 1 arpent (0.34 ha) per family. It seems that seven of these families were exiles and nine were of freed serfs. The population increased quickly through natural increase and immigration. Other villages developed in the area around Biryulka. A Biryulskaya Volost which established subordinate to Yakutsk.[3] In 1696 inhabitants of village staged a revolt led by Pavel Haletsky.[7]
At the beginning of 20th century the well-known archeologist Alexey Okladnikov went to school here, but he later moved to the village of Anga where he finished high school in 1925.[7][8] One of the streets in Biryulka is named after him.
Near the village in 1920 was one of the battles of the 'Great Siberian Ice March', a retreat of the White Army east across Lake Baikal.[9]
During the Great Purge a number of inhabitants were arrested and some of their names have survived.[10]
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| Lena River from a source to Kachug |
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Legend
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Anonymous lake |
| Tyrka |
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| Uhta 2nd |
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| Uhta 1st |
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Pankukcha |
| Shevukan |
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| Negnedai |
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Anai River |
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Anai |
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Alilei |
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Chanchur River |
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Chanchur |
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| Kurungui |
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Ilikta |
| Kurungui River |
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Maliy Tarel |
| Birulka |
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Ice bridge |
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| Birulka River |
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| Ushina |
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Zhuya |
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Bolshoi Kosogol |
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Manzurka |
| Khalsk |
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R 148 |
| Bolshiye Goly |
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Iset R 148 |
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Economy, infrastructure, showplaces
The village is well-known for the manufacture of shallow-draft river boats called Shitiks. These have been used on the upper Lena for centuries.[12]
Near the village is the archaeological site of Mokrushinsky burial ground. Work has been conducted since the 1980s, in part by pupils and student-archeologists.[13]
In 2006, a volunteer fire department was organised with its own fire-engine and a water tower.[14]
In the winter there is a Winter road with an ice-bridge across the Lena River. This is the uppermost crossing of the Lena.[11]
External links
"Building Ice Bridge through the river Lena" (in Dutch). Video. youtube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2nrvtgN8Cs. Retrieved 20 November 2009.
References
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 25 218 807», в ред. изменения №168/2011 от 1 октября 2011 г. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 25 218 807, as amended by the Amendment #168/2010 of October 1, 2011. ).
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ a b c Gorbunov, K. (1978-07-17). "Праздник села" (in Russian). Ленская правда. pp. 2. http://www.kachug-biblioteka.narod.ru/VT_CHAST/anziklopediay.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ Russian Post. Biryulka (Russian)
- ^ "Главная /Россия /Бирюлька, Ирк. обл. /". komandirovka.ru. http://www.komandirovka.ru/cities/biryulka_irk._obl./. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ "В Бирюльке появилась своя дума" (in Russian). Politic (Irkutsk, Russia: Independent news agency - Baikal). 2009-10-14. http://www.38rus.com/more.php?UID=6617. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ a b Larichev, V. (1998). "Объять необъятное!" (in Russian). "Наука в Сибири". http://www.nsc.ru/win/sbras/dates/okladnikov.html. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "Окладников Алексей Павлович" (in Russian). http://www.warheroes.ru/. http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=11590. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ "Ледяной поход 3-го Барнаульского стрелкового полка (Северный путь)" (in Russian). Тернистый путь. Однодневная газета. 1 февраля 1921 г. Издание Владивостокского объединенного комитета по устройству недели каппелевцев. http://east-front.narod.ru/memo/barnaulets.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ "Списки жертв" (in Russian). memo.ru. http://lists.memo.ru/d30/f63.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g "В Качугском районе открылись ледовые переправы через р.Лену" (in Russian). Transport (Federation news). 2006-12-11. http://www.regions.ru/news/1943090/. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ Ivanova, Maria (2007). "Реа Лена: От истока до устья" (in Russian). Якутск вечерний. http://vecher.ykt.ru/article.asp?id=3151. Retrieved 2009-11-04.
- ^ "Археологическое объединение учащихся ЦДЮТиК" (in Russian). ЦДЮТиК. 2003. http://sutur.irk.ru/2003/archeol/anal.php. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "Добровольно вызвались идти в огонь" (in Russian). News and Events (0-1.ru). 2007-06-17. http://www.0-1.ru/default.asp?id=17213. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
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Upstream
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Ice bridge in the village of Biryulka
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Downstream
Bolshiye Goly ferry (1899-1934),
Kachug Bridge
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| Shipbuilding |
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Boatbuilding yards
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Shipyards
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Ship repair
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| River ports |
Osetrovo (with railway station)
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| Well-known vessels |
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| Well-known travels |
Lenskaya polar station · Baron Vrangels researches
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| River accidents |
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| Significant persons |
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