| Bhiwandi | |
| — city — | |
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| Coordinates | |
| Country | India |
| State | Maharashtra |
| District(s) | Thane |
| Mayor | Yashshri Rajan Kadu |
| Municipal Commissioner | Prakash Borse |
| Population | 9,24,703 (2011[update]) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| Area |
• 24 metres (79 ft) |
Bhiwandi (Marathi : भिवंडी)(Hindi : भिवंडी)(Urdu : بھونڈی ) is a city, in the district of Thane, in the western state of Maharashtra, in India, located 20 km to the north-east of Mumbai and 15 km to the north-east of Thane city. The exact location of Bhiwandi is .
Bhiwandi city the headquarters of the taluka of Bhiwandi, comes under the administration of the Bhiwandi-Nizampur City Municipal Corporation. The city is considered a part of the Greater Mumbai metropolitan agglomeration, along with Navi Mumbai and the cities of Kalyan, Thane, Ulhasnagar, Dombivli, Mira-Bhayandar and the Vasai-Virar region. According to the 2011 census, the total population of the Bhiwandi-Nizampur Municipal Corporation area was 9,98,703.
The city of Bhiwandi, known for its textile industry, has the largest number of Power looms in the country[1] and is sometimes dubbed as 'The Manchester of India'.[2][3] A major portion of the population is employed by the Power loom sector. The Mumbai-Agra highway (NH-3), passing through Bhiwandi ensures the smooth connectivity of the city with Mumbai, Thane, Nashik and the rest of India.
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In the early Twentieth century, Bhiwandi was a small town, inhabited by Maharashtrians and Konkani Muslims. The main occupation of the people was agriculture, fishing and hand looms. With the advent of electricity, the hand looms began to be quickly replaced by power looms. It became a hub of the textile industry in the 1930s.Bhiwandi used to have a port on the river known as Kamwadi river. During 16th century the port was situated at area known as Bunder Mohalla. There was trading business of woods & Spices. There used to be a regular business & merchant used to travel frequently. At that period of time merchant was called as “Saudagar” the area used to refer as Saudagar Mohalla.The labour who works for shipping building used to live at place today called as Sutar bada & Hamal bada. The worker who navigates the ship used to live at place today known as Tandel mohalla. In Mughal period Bhiwandi city was known by the name of “Islamabad”. They built Mosque by the name of Islamabad Masjid & built Eidgah situated at Eidgah road.
The credit for turning Bhiwandi into a textile city goes to one Haji Abdus Samad, an illiterate trader from Uttar Pradesh. "Sona becho aur loha kharido (sell gold and buy iron)" was his slogan. The revolutionary textile based oil business was introduced in the land by Kazi Iqbal Akhtar and Kazi Jamal Akhtar (Kazi seth) with the advent of chemical from Gujrat.Today bhiwandi has maximum number of power looms in india.Bhiwandi has one of the highest migration in maharashtra,mainly from eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West-Bengal and many other states.'It has 30 identified slums, one of the highest in Thane District.
The economy of Bhiwandi Nizampur is mostly dependent on the power loom industry. The decline of Mumbai’s textile mills spurred the growth of the power loom sector. In order to meet the demand for grey fabric, power loom centers sprang up in various parts of the State. Textile and migrant workers came in droves to find work at these centers. Bhiwandi Nizampur became the largest power loom centre in the country. The State government estimates that over 40 lakh people are dependent directly or indirectly on the looms of Bhiwandi Nizampur. The Power loom industry is the main reason for huge number of floating population.Bhiwandi is the "richest city in Thane District" according to per capita. Bhiwandi also has became the "highest paid octroi" with the largest godown present in asia which basically own by local politicians in and around Bhiwandi. Bhiwandi is the `mother godown' for several industries and the nodal up-country booking and transit point for several goods transporters owing to the octroi benefits that can be availed of there. The biggest names in the pharma company have their godowns here.[2]
Bhiwandi Nizampur lies in the Kokan coastal lowlands. There are many hills surrounding Bhiwandi, which add to its scenic beauty. The average elevation is 24 m from MSL (Mean Sea Level). The Average Rainfall is 3224 mm. The average annual daytime temperature varies from 30-32 C. The average daytime humidity is 62.5 %
The main mode of transport within Bhiwandi Nizampur is the auto rickshaw. There are no intra-city buses as of now running within the city, but the Bhiwandi-Nizampur city Municipal Corporation is planning a bus system soon. There are also bus service provided by Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) from Thane station to Narpoli and BEST from Mulund to Narpoli. Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Transport (KDMT) also runs buses on regular interval.
Road
Bhiwandi Nizampur is well connected with the rest of the country because of the Mumbai-Agra Highway (National Highway-3), which passes through it. The highway is one the most important in the country and as a result there is a heavy flow of traffic through Bhiwandi Nizampur, consisting of passenger cars as well as the 18-wheel giant tractor trailers. Two flyovers have been constructed on this highway to smooth traffic. In view of distributing some of the traffic which does not have to make a stop in Bhiwandi Nizampur, an alternate subsidiary road, commonly and appropriately called the Bhiwandi –bypass was built. This 4 lane, well maintained subsidiary road, breaks off from the main highway, in Thane, and meets the highway again, 6 km to the north of Bhiwandi Nizampur, near Shangri-la resort. The Maharashtra State Transport Corporation (MSRTC) runs bus services to various cities in the state as well as neighboring states. The Bhiwandi Nizampur ST (State Transport) Depot is located on the Mumbai-Agra Highway. Buses run every half hour to nearby depots like Mumbai-Central,Thane, Kalyan, Vasai, Wada and Borivli. The Thane Municipal Transport operates bus services from Bhiwandi Nizampur to Thane, and the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Transport operates bus services from Bhiwandi to Kalyan, every 20 minutes. Auto-rickshaws too, run from Bhiwandi to Thane and Kalyan. Jeeps ply from Bhiwandi to the nearby town of Padgha
Railway
The Bhiwandi Nizampur Road Station (code BIRD) lies on the Vasai-Diwa corridor, between the western line and central line. An EMU service runs from Diwa to Vasai. Many mail trains make a stop here. Recently computerized reservation service was installed at this station. There is a necessity for a suburban rail line for Bhiwandi Nizampur. The Metro Rail Corporation plans to connect the Thane-Kalyan line through Bhiwandi Nizampur. This may result in more floating population.
Airway
The nearest airport from Bhiwandi Nizampur is the Mumbai International and Domestic Airport at a distance of around 40 km. Another International Airport is proposed at NAVI MUMBAI.
As per the 2001 India Census, Bhiwandi Nizampur city population is of 5, 98,741. Males constitute(3,23,668) 54.05% of the population and females (2,75,073) 45.94%.The estimated population of 2010 is 6,90,413. Males constitute (3, 96,868) 57.48 of the population and females (2, 93,545) 42.51.Floating population is 25,746 and slum population is (3, 05,103) 44.19%. Bhiwandi Nizampur has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy at 72% and female literacy at 56%.The projected population of 2031 is about 24.30 lakhs. The sex ratio in Bhiwandi Nizampur as per census of 2001 was 623 females per 1000 males. This is very poor as compared to national and state average.
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