Beta-glucosidase
Beta-glucosidase is a glucosidase enzyme that acts upon β1->4 bonds linking two glucose or glucose-substituted molecules (i.e., the disaccharide cellobiose). It is an exocellulase with specificity for a variety of beta-D-glycoside substrates. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in beta-D-glucosides with release of glucose.[2]
Cellulose is largely composed of polymers of beta-bond linked glucose molecules, and beta-glucosidases are required by organisms (some fungi, bacteria, termites) that can consume it. These enzymes are a powerful tool for degradation of plant cell walls for pathogens.
Lysozyme, an enzyme secreted in tears to prevent bacterial infection of the eye, is also a beta-glucosidase that cleaves β1→4 bonds between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid sugars within the peptidoglycan cell walls of gram-negative bacteria.
See also
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References
- ^ PDB 3AHX; Jeng, W.-Y., Wang, N.-C., Lin, M.-H., Lin, C.-T., Liaw, Y.-C., Chang, W.-J., Liu, C.-I., Liang, P.-H., Wang, A.H.-J. (August 2010). "Structural and functional analysis of three beta-glucosidases from bacterium Clostridium cellulovorans, fungus Trichoderma reesei and termite Neotermes koshunensis.". J.Struc.Biol. 173 (1): 46–56. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2010.07.008. PMID 20682343. ; rendered via PyMOL.
- ^ Cox, Michael; Lehninger, Albert L; Nelson, David R. (2000). Lehninger principles of biochemistry. New York: Worth Publishers. pp. 306–308. ISBN 1-57259-931-6.
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3.2.2: Hydrolysing
N-Glycosyl compounds |
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B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6
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