Benzobarbital

Benzobarbital

Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-benzoyl-5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
Clinical data
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Identifiers
CAS number	744-80-9^Y
ATC code	?
PubChem	CID 12938
ChemSpider	12402^Y
UNII	YNJ78BD0AH^Y
Synonyms	Benzonal
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₉H₁₆N₂O₄
Mol. mass	336.341 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
InChI InChI=1S/C19H16N2O4/c1-2-19(14-11-7-4-8-12-14)16(23)20-18(25)21(17(19)24)15(22)13-9-5-3-6-10-13/h3-12H,2H2,1H3,(H,20,23,25)^Y Key:QMOWPJIFTHVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
Y(what is this?) (verify)

Benzobarbital (Benzonal) is a barbiturate derivative. It has anticonvulsant effects and has been used for the treatment of epilepsy. ^[1]

It has similar liver enzyme inducing effects to the closely related drug phenobarbital, which may be exploited in some clinical applications. ^[2] ^[3]

References

^ Okudzhava, V. M.; Chankvetadze, B. G. (1989). "Pharmacological characteristics of an anti-convulsive drug Benzonal and the evaluation of its therapeutic effectiveness (literature review)" (in russian). Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow) 89 (11): 136–145. ISSN 0044-4588. PMID 2696306. edit
^ Nadzhimutdinov, K. N.; Khakimov, Z. Z.; Kabulov, Sh. M. (1992). "The advantages of benzonal as an inducer of the liver mono-oxygenase enzyme system compared to phenobarbital" (in russian). Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia (Moscow) 55 (1): 68–71. ISSN 0869-2092. PMID 1305441. edit
^ Novozheeva, T. P.; Saratikov, A. S.; Grishanova, A. U.; Gutkina, N. I.; Akhmedzhanov, R. R.; Khatsenko, O. G.; Kozlovskaia, N. E. (1991). "Benzonal--a phenobarbital-type of inducer of the mono-oxygenase system" (in russian). Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny (Moscow) 111 (2): 163–165. ISSN 0365-9615. OCLC 613807502. PMID 1854958. edit

GABA_A receptor PAMs

Barbiturates	Allobarbital • Alphenal • Amobarbital • Aprobarbital • Barbexaclone • Barbital • Benzobarbital • Benzylbutylbarbiturate • Brallobarbital • Brophebarbital • Bucolome • Butabarbital • Butalbital • Butobarbital • Butallylonal • Carbubarb • Crotylbarbital • Cyclobarbital • Cyclopal • Difebarbamate • Enallylpropymal • Ethallobarbital • Febarbamate • Heptabarb • Heptobarbital • Hexethal • Hexobarbital • Metharbital • Methohexital • Methylphenobarbital • Narcobarbital • Nealbarbital • Pentobarbital • Phenobarbital • Phetharbital • Primidone • Prazitone • Probarbital • Propallylonal • Proxibarbal • Proxibarbital • Reposal • Secbutabarbital • Secobarbital • Sigmodal • Spirobarbital • Talbutal • Tetrabamate • Tetrabarbital • Thialbarbital • Thiamylal • Thiobarbital • Thiobutabarbital • Thiopental • Valofane • Vinbarbital • Vinylbital

Benzodiazepines	Adinazolam • Alprazolam • Arfendazam • Avizafone • Bentazepam • Bretazenil • Bromazepam • Brotizolam • Camazepam • Chlordiazepoxide • Ciclotizolam • Cinolazepam • Clazolam • Climazolam • Clobazam • Clonazepam • Clorazepate • Clotiazepam • Cloxazolam • Cyprazepam • Delorazepam • Diazepam • Doxefazepam • Elfazepam • Estazolam • Ethyl carfluzepate • Ethyl dirazepate • Ethyl loflazepate • Etizolam • Fletazepam • Fludiazepam • Flunitrazepam • Flurazepam • Flutazolam • Flutemazepam • Flutoprazepam • Fosazepam • Gidazepam • Girisopam • Halazepam • Haloxazolam • Iclazepam • Imidazenil • Ketazolam • Lofendazam • Lopirazepam • Lopirazepam • Loprazolam • Lorazepam • Lormetazepam • Meclonazepam • Medazepam • Menitrazepam • Metaclazepam • Mexazolam • Midazolam • Nerisopam • Nimetazepam • Nitrazepam • Nitrazepate • Nordazepam • Oxazepam • Oxazolam • Phenazepam • Pinazepam • Pivoxazepam • Prazepam • Premazepam • Proflazepam • QH-II-66 • Quazepam • Reclazepam • Remimazolam • Rilmazafone • Ripazepam • Ro48-6791 • SH-053-R-CH3-2′F • Sulazepam • Temazepam • Tetrazepam • Tofisopam • Triazolam • Triflubazam • Uldazepam • Zapizolam • Zolazepam • Zomebazam

Carbamates	Carisbamate • Carisoprodol • Cyclarbamate • Difebarbamate • Emylcamate • Ethinamate • Febarbamate • Felbamate • Hexapropymate • Lorbamate • Mebutamate • Meprobamate • Methocarbamol • Nisobamate • Pentabamate • Phenprobamate • Procymate • Styramate • Tetrabamate • Tybamate

Neuroactive steroids	Acebrochol • Allopregnanolone • Alphadolone • Alphaxolone • Ganaxolone • Hydroxydione • Minaxolone • Org 20599 • THDOC

Nonbenzodiazepines	β-Carbolines: Abecarnil • Gedocarnil • SL-651,498 • ZK-93423; Cyclopyrrolones: Eszopiclone • Pagoclone • Pazinaclone • Suproclone • Suriclone • Zopiclone; Imidazopyridines: Alpidem • Necopidem • Saripidem • Zolpidem; Pyrazolopyrimidines: Divaplon • Fasiplon • Indiplon • Lorediplon • Ocinaplon • Panadiplon • Taniplon • Zaleplon; Others: Adipiplon • CGS-8216 • CGS-9896 • CGS-13767 • CGS-20625 • CL-218,872 • CP-615,003 • ELB-139 • GBLD-345 • L-838,417 • NS-2664 • NS-2710 • NS-11394 • Pipequaline • ROD-188 • RWJ-51204 • SB-205,384 • SX-3228 • TP-003 • TPA-023 • TP-13 • U-89843A • U-90042 • Y-23684

Phenols	Fospropofol • Propofol • Thymol

Piperidinediones	Glutethimide • Methyprylon • Piperidione • Pyrithyldione

Pyrazolopyridines	Cartazolate • Etazolate • ICI-190,622 • Tracazolate

Quinazolinones	Afloqualone • Cloroqualone • Diproqualone • Etaqualone • Mebroqualone • Mecloqualone • Methaqualone • Methylmethaqualone

Volatiles/gases	2-Methyl-2-butanol • Acetone • Acetophenone • Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate • Benzene • Butane • Butanol • Butylene • Centalun • Chloral • Chloral hydrate • Chlorobutanol • Chloroform • Cyclopropane • Desflurane • Dichloromethane • Diethyl ether • Enflurane • Ethanol (Alcohol) • Ethyl chloride • Ethylene • Gasoline • Halothane • Isoflurane • Kerosine • Menthol • Methanol • Methoxyflurane • Methoxypropane • Methylbutanol • Nitric oxide • Nitrogen • Nitrous oxide • Paraldehyde • Pentanol • Propane • Propanol • Propylene • Sevoflurane • Toluene • Trichloroethanol • Trichloroethylene • Vinyl ether • Xenon

Others	Bromide (Lithium bromide, Potassium bromide, Sodium bromide) • Chloralodol • Chloralose • Chlormezanone • Clomethiazole • DEABL • Etazepine • Ethchlorvynol • Etifoxine • Etomidate • GABA • Kavalactones (Kava) • Loreclezole • Methylpentynol • Metomidate • Org 25,435 • Petrichloral • Propanidid • Skullcap • Stiripentol • Sulfonmethane • Tetronal • Triclofos • Trional • Valeric acid, Valerenic acid (Valerian)

Hypnotics/Sedatives (N05C)

GABA_A Agonists/PAMs	Barbiturates: Allobarbital • Amobarbital • Aprobarbital • Barbital • Butabarbital • Butobarbital • Cyclobarbital • Ethallobarbital • Heptabarb • Hexobarbital • Mephobarbital • Methohexital • Pentobarbital • Phenobarbital • Proxibarbal • Reposal • Secobarbital • Talbutal • Thiamylal • Thiopental • Vinbarbital • Vinylbital Benzodiazepines: Brotizolam • Clonazepam • Cinolazepam • Climazolam • Doxefazepam • Estazolam • Flunitrazepam • Flurazepam • Flutoprazepam • Haloxazolam • Loprazolam • Lorazepam •Lormetazepam • Midazolam • Nimetazepam • Nitrazepam • Quazepam • Temazepam • Triazolam Carbamates: Carisoprodol • Ethinamate • Hexapropymate • Meprobamate • Methocarbamol • Procymate • Tybamate Neuroactive Steroids: Acebrochol • Allopregnanolone • Alphadolone • Alphaxolone • Eltanolone • Ganaxolone • Hydroxydione • Minaxolone • Org 20599 • Org 21465 • Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone Nonbenzodiazepines: CL-218,872 • Eszopiclone • Indiplon • JM-1232 • Lirequinil • Necopidem • Pazinaclone • ROD-188 • Saripidem • Suproclone • Suriclone • SX-3228 • U-89843A • U-90042 • Zaleplon • Zolpidem • Zopiclone Phenols: Fospropofol • Propofol Piperidinediones: Glutethimide • Methyprylon • Pyrithyldione • Piperidione Quinazolinones: Afloqualone • Cloroqualone • Diproqualone • Etaqualone • Mebroqualone • Mecloqualone • Methaqualone • Methylmethaqualone • Nitromethaqualone Volatiles/gases: 2-Methyl-2-butanol • Acetophenone • Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate • Centalun • Chloral hydrate • Ethanol (Alcohol) • Paraldehyde • Trichloroethanol Others: Bromide (Lithium bromide, Potassium bromide, Sodium bromide) • Chloralose • Chloralodol • Clomethiazole • Dichloralphenazone • Ethchlorvynol • Etomidate • Gaboxadol • Loreclezole • Methylpentynol • Metomidate • Org 25435 • Petrichloral • Sulfonmethane • Triclofos • Valerenic acid (Valerian)

GABA_B Agonists	1,4-Butanediol • Aceburic acid • GABOB • GHB (Sodium oxybate) • GBL • GVL

H₁ Inverse agonists	Antihistamines: Captodiame • Cyproheptadine • Diphenhydramine • Doxylamine • Hydroxyzine • Methapyrilene • Pheniramine • Promethazine • Propiomazine Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trimipramine, etc.) • Tetracyclic antidepressants (Mianserin, Mirtazapine, etc.) Antipsychotics: Typical antipsychotics (Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, etc.) • Atypical antipsychotics (Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, etc.)

α₁-Adrenergic Antagonists	Antidepressants: Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (Trazodone) • Tricyclic antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trimipramine, etc.) • Tetracyclic antidepressants (Mianserin) Antipsychotics: Typical antipsychotics (Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, etc.) • Atypical antipsychotics (Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, etc.) Others: Niaprazine

α₂-Adrenergic Agonists	4-NEMD • Clonidine • Detomidine • Dexmedetomidine • Lofexidine • Medetomidine • Romifidine • Tizanidine • Xylazine

5-HT_2A Antagonists	Antidepressants: Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (Trazodone) • Tricyclic antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trimipramine, etc.) • Tetracyclic antidepressants (Mianserin, Mirtazapine, etc.) Antipsychotics: Typical antipsychotics (Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, etc.) • Atypical antipsychotics (Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, etc.) Others: Eplivanserin • Niaprazine • Pruvanserin • Volinanserin

Melatonin Agonists	Agomelatine • LY-156,735 • Melatonin • Ramelteon • Tasimelteon

Orexin Antagonists	Almorexant • SB-334,867 • SB-408,124 • SB-649,868 • Suvorexant • TCS-OX2-29

Others	Acecarbromal • Apronal • Bromisoval • Cannabidiol (Cannabis) • Carbromal • Embutramide • Evoxine • Fenadiazole • Gabapentin • Kavalactones (Kava) • Mephenoxalone • Opioids (Oxycodone, Morphine (Opium), etc.) • Passion flower • Scopolamine (Mandrake) • Valnoctamide