Baudin expedition to Australia
The Baudin expedition of 1800 to 1803 was a French expedition to map the coast of Australia. Nicolas Baudin was selected as leader in October 1800. The expedition started with two ships, Géographe, captained by Baudin, and Naturaliste captained by Jacques Hamelin, and was accompanied by nine zoologists and botanists, including Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour, François Péron and Charles-Alexandre Lesueur.
In May 1801, the expedition reached Australia, being the first to explore and map the western coast, and a part of the southern coast.[1]
A lot of Western Australian places still have French names today: Baudin Beach, Peron Peninsula, Faure Island.
In April 1802 they encountered the British ship Investigator captained by Matthew Flinders, also engaged in charting the coastline, in Encounter Bay in what is now South Australia. The expedition later stopped at the British colony of Sydney for supplies.
From Sydney, the Frenchs headed to Tasmania, before continuing north to Timor. On their way home the ships stopped in Mauritius, where Baudin died of tuberculosis. The expedition finally came back in France in 1804.
The French had peaceful relationships with all Aboriginal peoples they met. They notably produced precious ethnological studies of Tasmanian Natives, who disappeared quickly after British colonization in 19th century.
An inscription was left by members of Géographe on Kangaroo Island, Australia, in 1803.
Crew
Captains: Nicolas Thomas Baudin (1754–1803) (Géographe) and Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin (1768–1839) (Naturaliste).
Surgeon-Physician and Naturalist: Pierre François Keraudren (1769–1858) (Le Géographe)(Preparations not on board)
Naturalists: Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773–1826), René Maugé de Cely, Stanislas Levillain (1774–1801), François Péron (1775–1810), Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent (left expedition at Mauritius), Désiré Dumont, André Michaux (1746–1803
Artist: Charles-Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846) assisted by Nicolas-Martin Petit (1777–1804).
Astronomers: Pierre-François Bernier (1779–1803) and Frédéric de Bissy (1768–1803).
Cartographers: Charles-Pierre Boullanger
Mineralogists: Louis Depuch, Joseph Charles Bailly
Sailors: Hyacinthe de Bougainville, midshipman second-class, and François-Antoine Boniface Heirisson, midshipman
Publications
Collections
Over 200,000 specimens from the expedition were deposited in Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (zoology) and Jardin des Plantes (botany). Live plants, animals and birds were also sent to Empress Josephine Bonaparte's gardens at Château de Malmaison.
References
- ^ M.L. Freycinet, Carte Générale de la Nouvelle Hollande dressée par M. L. Freycinet Commandant de la Goëllette le Casuarina, An 1808. Louis Freycinet, Atlas Historique, Paris, 1811. [1]
References
- François Péron, Voyage de découverte aux terres Australes (3 volumes, Paris, 1807–1816) [2]
- Horner, F. The French Reconnaissance: Baudin in Australia 1801—1803, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1987 ISBN 0522843395.
- Jack Horner, “Extracting the truth about Baudin. -and his expedition to Australia, 1800-1804”, Canberra Historical Journal, no.21, Mar 1988, pp. 42–44.
- Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748–1831), Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle (1816–1819)
- Jacqueline Bonnemains, Elliott Forsyth, Bernard Smith, Baudin in Australian Waters: The Artwork of the French Voyage of Discovery to the Southern Lands, 1800-1804, New York, Oxford U. Pr. with Australian Acad. of Sci., 1988.
- Madeleine Ly-Tio-Fane et Jacqueline Bonnemains, Le Géographe et Le Naturaliste à L’Ile-de-France 1801, 1803, Ultime Escale du Captaine Baudin: Deuxième Partie, Le Voyage de Découvertes aux Terres australes, Port Louis [Mauritius], MSM Limited, 2003.
- Steve Reynolds, Nicolas Baudin's Scientific Expedition To The Terres Australes, Marine Life Society of South Australia Journal, no.12, December 2001. [3]
- Fornasiero, Jean; Monteath, Peter and West-Sooby, John. Encountering Terra Australis: the Australian voyages of Nicholas Baudin and Matthew Flinders, Kent Town, South Australia, Wakefield Press, 2004. ISBN 1-86254-625-8
- Jean Fornasiero and John West-Sooby, “Baudin's Books”, Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol.39, Issue 2, May 2002, pp. 215–249.
- Jean Fornasiero, Peter Monteath and John West-Sooby, “Old quarrels and new approaches: Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders”, South Australian Geographical Journal, v.106, 2007, pp. (1)-15.
- John West-Sooby, « Le "Sourire Grinçant" du Capitaine Baudin», Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 79–97.
- Jane Southwood and Donald Simpson, “Baudin's Doctors: French Medical Scientists in Australian Waters, 1801-1803”, Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 152–164.
- J. P. Faivre, “De Nouveau sur L'expedition Baudin?”, Revue Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre-Mer, Vol. 52, Issue 187, 1965, pp. 286–290.
- Robert J. King, “Jorgen Jorgensen and the Baudin Expedition”, The Great Circle, Vol. 23, Issue 2, December 2001, pp. 44–52.
- Michel Jangoux, « La Premiere Relache Du 'Naturaliste' au Port Jackson (26 Avril-18 Mai 1802): le Temoignage du Capitaine Hamelin », Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 126–151.
- Michel Jangoux, « Les Zoologistes et Botanistes qui Accompagnerent le Capitaine Baudin aux Terres Australes», Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 55–78.
- Jangoux, Michel. Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010.
- R.Kingston, A not so Pacific voyage: the ‘floating laboratory’ of Nicolas Baudin], Endeavour, vol. XXXI, no. 4, December 2007, pp. 145–151. elsevier.com
- Jacques Vialle, « Le Destin Tragique de Pierre-François Bernier, Astronome de L'expedition Baudin », Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 165–170.
- Christian Jouanin, «Nicolas Baudin Charge de Reunir une Collection pour la future Imperatrice Josephine», Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 43–54.
- B. S. Baldwin, "Flinders and the French”, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia. South Australian Branch, v.65, 1963–1964, pp. 53–67.
- B. S. Baldwin, “Publication of Baudin's Journal”, South Australiana, Vol. 13, Issue 1, 1974, pp. 34–42.
- William P.Helling, “Redistributing the Blame: Baudin's Voyage to the Australian Seas”, The Great Circle, Vol. 15 Issue 2, December 1993, pp. 107–127.
- Margaret Sankey, “The Aborigines of Port Jackson, as seen by the Baudin Expedition”, Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. p117-125.
- Margaret Sankey, “The Baudin Expedition in review: old quarrels and new approaches”, Australian Journal of French Studies, Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 4–14.
- Margaret Sankey, “Writing the Voyage of Scientific Exploration: The Logbooks, Journals and Notes of the Baudin Expedition (1800-1804)”, Intellectual History Review, Vol. 20 Issue 3, September 2010, pp. 401–413.
- Wolf Mayer, “The Geological Work of the Baudin Expedition in Australia (1801-1803): the Mineralogists, the Discoveries and the Legacy”, Earth Sciences History, Vol. 28 Issue 2, 2009, pp. 293–324.
- Gregory C. Eccleston, “The neglect of Baudin’s manuscript charts of the Victorian coastline”, The Globe, no.66, 2010, pp. 27–58.
- Trevor Lipscombe, “Two continents or one?: the Baudin expedition's unacknowledged achievements on the coast of Victoria”, Victorian Historical Journal, v.78, no.1, May 2007, pp. 23–41.
- R. M. Barker, “The botanical legacy of 1802: South Australian plants collected by Robert Brown and Peter Good on Matthew Flinders' Investigator and by the French scientists on Baudin's Geographe and Naturaliste”, Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, v.21, 31 January 2007, pp. 5–44.
- Anthony J. Brown, “Friends of humanity: the scientific origins, objectives and outcomes of the voyages of Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders”, South Australian Geographical Journal, v.98, 1999, pp. 52–60.
- Paul Fregosi, “Terre Napoleon: French colonial ambitions in Australia, 1793-1815”, Quadrant (Sydney), v.32, no.6, June 1988, pp. 56–59.
- Leslie R.Marchant, “The Baudin expedition 1800-04 and the French scientific exploration of Australia”, Early Days, v.9, no.6, 1988, pp. 65–72.
- Leslie R. Marchant, “The Baudin scientific mission of exploration and the French contribution to the maritime discovery of Australia”, The Globe, no.23, 1985, pp. 11–31.
- Brian Plomley, “The French in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, 1802”, Tasmanian Tramp, no.24, 1982/ 1983, pp. 17–27.
- N. J. B. Plomley, “The French in Van Diemen's Land: organisation and the fruits of discovery”, Bulletin of the Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies, v.2, no.1, 1988, pp. 4–21.
- N. J. B.Plomley, “Pre-settlement exploration of Tasmania and the natural sciences: The Clive Lord Memorial lecture 1983”, Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, v.118, Aug 1984, pp. 69–78.
- Miranda Hughes, “Tall tales or true stories: Baudin, Peron, and the Tasmanians, 1802”, Nature in its Greatest Extent: Western Science in the Pacific. 1988, pp. 65–86.
- Miranda J.Hughes, “Philosophical travellers at the ends of the earth: Baudin, Peron and the Tasmanians”, Australian Science in the Making, 1990, pp. 23–44.
- John Pearn, “French doctors at Sydney Cove: Gallic contact in the second decade after Phillip”, Australia's Quest for Colonial Health: Some Influences on Early Health and Medicine in Australia, 1983, pp. 45–61.
- Phyllis Mander-Jones, “The artists who sailed with Baudin and Flinders”, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia. South Australian Branch, v.66, 1964–1965, pp. 17–31.
- Rupert Gerritsen and Peter Reynders, "The Freycinet Map of 1811 − It is the First Complete Map of Australia?", Journal of Australian Naval History, vol.8, no.2, September 2011, pp. 8–29.
See also