Battle of Ürümqi (1870)

See also: Battle of Ürümqi (disambiguation)
Battle of Ürümqi (1870)
Part of the Dungan revolt (1862–1877)
Date 1870
Location Ürümqi, Xinjiang
Result Kashgaria victory
Belligerents
Kashgaria (Turki Muslim Rebels) Chinese muslim rebels (Tungans)
Commanders and leaders
Yaqub Beg
Xu Xuegong		 Tuo Ming (Daud Khalifa)
Strength
Thousands of Turkic muslim troops
1,500 Han Chinese militia		 Thousands of Chinese Muslim troops

The Battle of Ürümqi (1870) was a battle waged by Yaqub Beg's Turkic kingdom of Kashgaria against Chinese Muslim rebels in Ürümqi in a bid to conquer all of Xinjiang and subjugated Chinese Muslims under his control.

Battle

Yaqub Beg's Uyghur forces declared a Jihad against Chinese Muslims (Dungans) under T'o Ming (Tuo Ming a.k.a. Daud Khalifa) during the Dungan revolt. The Uyghurs thought that the Chinese Muslims were Shafi`i, and since the Uyghurs were Hanafi that they should wage war against them. Yaqub Beg enlisted non Muslim Han Chinese militia under Xu Xuegong(Hsu Hsuehkung) in order to fight against the Chinese Muslims.[1] Yaqub Beg had 1,500 Han Chinese militia with his Turkic forces attacking Dungans in Urumchi. The following year, in 1871, the Han Chinese militia switched sides and then joined the Dungans in a revolt against the Turkic forces.[2] T'o Ming's forces were defeated by Yaqub, who planned to conquer Dzungharia. Yaqub intended to seize all Dungan territory.[3][4][5]

Notes

  1. ^ James A. Millward (2007). Eurasian crossroads: a history of Xinjiang. Columbia University Press. p. 120. ISBN 0231139241. http://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA118&dq=yaqub+beg+unpopular&hl=en&ei=Pz8ITe_DMYGdlge-5bCeAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=in%20his%20first%20attack%20on%20the%20tungan%20beg%20joined%20by%20xu%20xuegong%20han%20chinese&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  2. ^ Ho-dong Kim (2004). Holy war in China: the Muslim rebellion and state in Chinese Central Asia, 1864-1877. Stanford University Press. p. 96. ISBN 0804748845. http://books.google.com/books?id=AtduqAtBzegC&dq=doing+fuxiang+russian&q=anchu#v=onepage&q=brother%20fifteen%20hundred%20han%20chinese&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  3. ^ John King Fairbank, Kwang-ching Liu, Denis Crispin Twitchett (1980). Late Ch'ing, 1800-1911. Cambridge University Press. p. 223. ISBN 0521220297. http://books.google.com/books?id=pEfWaxPhdnIC&dq=t%27o+ming+yakub&q=jihad#v=onepage&q=religious%20war%20against%20the%20tungans%20also%20sunnis&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  4. ^ John King Fairbank, Kwang-ching Liu, Denis Crispin Twitchett (1980). Late Ch'ing. Cambridge University Press. p. 224. ISBN 0521220297. http://books.google.com/books?id=pEfWaxPhdnIC&dq=t%27o+ming+yakub&q=jihad#v=onepage&q=hsu%20han%20militia&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  5. ^ Cyril E. Black, Louis Dupree, Elizabeth Endicott-West, Eden Naby (1991). The Modernization of Inner Asia. M.E. Sharpe. p. 45. ISBN 0873327799. http://books.google.com/books?id=FoIE4laY7JcC&pg=PA45&dq=yakub+beg+islamic+law&hl=en&ei=YkIITYbkPIP7lwfgp8iWAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=yakub%20beg%20drove%20dungans&f=false. Retrieved 2010-11-28.