Rolong is a tribal name for the Tswana (Barolong) living in North West in South Africa, principally in Mafikeng (the Barolong boo rra Tshidi). Other Barolong communities are found in Lotlhakane and Thaba Nchu (Barolong ba ga Moroka). The Rolong chiefs Moroka (James Moroka) and Dr Silas Molema (Molema's are the traditional uncles of the Barolong boo rra Tshidi) played a key role in formation of liberation movement (ANC).
The first Rolong chief was Morolong who lived many years ago. From who the clan derives its name from.