Arthur Arturovich Eisen (Russian: Артур Артурович Эйзен), bass-baritone soloist. (b.Moscow 8 June 1927; d.Moscow 26 February 2008). Soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre, Honoured Artist of Russia (1956), Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1971), People's Artist of the USSR (1976), Order of Friendship of Peoples (1988). He was born into a family of Latvian revolutionaries, and his family was also musical; his father was a violinist .[2] After leaving school in 1944 he joined the Shchukin Theatre School at the Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Academic Music Theatre. He studied with future stars, and his singing teacher had been famous in the past: N.Popovoy-Narutovich. He left college in 1948 and joined a youth literary reading group. On a performing tour in the Ukraine he sang, making their tour a hit. Back in Moscow he spent a year at Gnessin State Musical College. He then attended Moscow Conservatory and in 1955, a year before graduating, he won the gold medal at the World Festival of Youth and Students in Warsaw.
While studying at the Moscow Conservatory he became a soloist for the Alexandrov Ensemble 1949-1956. This involved lessons at the Conservatory, exams and rehearsals, performances and concert tours with the choir in the USSR, foreign tours and mandatory daily rehearsals with an accompanist. He was also preparing for big solo performances at major concert halls in Moscow. He became well-known and often appeared on radio. Following this he gained fame on the international opera circuit after a successful 1956 debut as Don Basilio in Barber of Seville [3] .[4] He was praised in the American, British and Japanese press .[5] From 1956, for 40 years, he was a soloist at the Bolshoi Theatre, singing major roles [6] . With the Alexandrov Ensemble he recorded: Elegy, Oh No John (1956) ,[7] Cold Waves Lapping (1956), Black Raven [8] duet with N.A. Abramov (1956), 4 unknown solos (1956) ,[2] Song of the Volga Boatmen [9], [7] [10] .[11]