Artemin

artemin

Structure of human artemin.^[1]

Available structures
PDB	2gh0, 2gyr, 2ask, 2gyz

Identifiers

Symbols

ARTN; NBN; ENOVIN; EVN

External IDs

OMIM: 603886 MGI: 1333791 HomoloGene: 7631 GeneCards: ARTN Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• growth factor activity • voltage-gated potassium channel activity • protein binding • nutrient reservoir activity • receptor binding
Cellular component	• extracellular space • extracellular region • voltage-gated potassium channel complex
Biological process	• neuroblast proliferation • potassium ion transport • induction of positive chemotaxis • signal transduction • peripheral nervous system development • axon guidance
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1:
44.17 – 44.18 Mb

Chr 4:
117.6 – 117.6 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Artemin, also known as enovin or neublastin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARTN gene.^[2]^[3]

1 Function
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

Function

Artemin is a neurotrophin in the glial cell line-derived neurotophic factor (GDNF ) family of ligands which are a group of ligands within the TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor.^[2]

References

^ PDB 2GYR;Wang X, Baloh, RH, Milbrandt J, Garcia KC (June 2006). "Structure of artemin complexed with its receptor GFRalpha3: convergent recognition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors". Structure 14 (6): 1083–1092. doi:10.1016/j.str.2006.05.010. PMID 16765900. ; rendered using PyMOL
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: artemin". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9048.
^ Baloh RH, Tansey MG, Lampe PA, Fahrner TJ, Enomoto H, Simburger KS, Leitner ML, Araki T, Johnson EM, Milbrandt J (December 1998). "Artemin, a novel member of the GDNF ligand family, supports peripheral and central neurons and signals through the GFRalpha3-RET receptor complex". Neuron 21 (6): 1291–302. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80649-2. PMID 9883723.

Rosenblad C, Grønborg M, Hansen C, et al. (2000). "In vivo protection of nigral dopamine neurons by lentiviral gene transfer of the novel GDNF-family member neublastin/artemin.". Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 15 (2): 199–214. doi:10.1006/mcne.1999.0817. PMID 10673327.
Zhu DL, Luo DL, Luo G, et al. (2009). "[Artemin and GFRalpha3 expressions and their relevance to perineural invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma]". Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 29 (3): 428–32. PMID 19304517.
Silvian L, Jin P, Carmillo P, et al. (2006). "Artemin crystal structure reveals insights into heparan sulfate binding.". Biochemistry 45 (22): 6801–12. doi:10.1021/bi060035x. PMID 16734417.
Pandey V, Qian PX, Kang J, et al. (2010). "Artemin stimulates oncogenicity and invasiveness of human endometrial carcinoma cells.". Endocrinology 151 (3): 909–20. doi:10.1210/en.2009-0979. PMID 20118197.
Masure S, Geerts H, Cik M, et al. (1999). "Enovin, a member of the glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family with growth promoting activity on neuronal cells. Existence and tissue-specific expression of different splice variants.". Eur. J. Biochem. 266 (3): 892–902. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00925.x. PMID 10583383.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928.
Fernandez RM, Ruiz-Ferrer M, Lopez-Alonso M, et al. (2008). "Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the 4 RET ligands, GDNF, NTN, ARTN, PSPN, and susceptibility to Hirschsprung disease.". J. Pediatr. Surg. 43 (11): 2042–7. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.05.018. PMID 18970938.
Ceyhan GO, Schäfer KH, Kerscher AG, et al. (2010). "Nerve growth factor and artemin are paracrine mediators of pancreatic neuropathy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.". Ann. Surg. 251 (5): 923–31. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181d974d4. PMID 20395845.
Kang J, Perry JK, Pandey V, et al. (2009). "Artemin is oncogenic for human mammary carcinoma cells.". Oncogene 28 (19): 2034–45. doi:10.1038/onc.2009.66. PMID 19363524.
Wang X, Baloh RH, Milbrandt J, Garcia KC (2006). "Structure of artemin complexed with its receptor GFRalpha3: convergent recognition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors.". Structure 14 (6): 1083–92. doi:10.1016/j.str.2006.05.010. PMID 16765900.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
Quartu M, Serra MP, Manca A, et al. (2005). "Neurturin, persephin, and artemin in the human pre- and full-term newborn and adult hippocampus and fascia dentata.". Brain Res. 1041 (2): 157–66. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.007. PMID 15829225.
Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
Otsuki K, Uchida S, Watanuki T, et al. (2008). "Altered expression of neurotrophic factors in patients with major depression.". J Psychiatr Res 42 (14): 1145–53. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.01.010. PMID 18313696.
Naveilhan P, Baudet C, Mikaels A, et al. (1998). "Expression and regulation of GFRalpha3, a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (3): 1295–300. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.1295. PMID 9448325.