An apple of discord is a reference to the Golden Apple of Discord (Greek: μήλον της Έριδος) which, according to Greek mythology, the goddess Eris (Gr. Ερις, "Strife") said that she would give "to the fairest" at the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, sparking a vanity-fueled dispute between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite that eventually led to the Trojan War[1] (for the complete story, see The Judgement of Paris). Thus, "apple of discord" became a euphemism for the core, kernel, or crux of an argument, or for a small matter that could lead to a bigger dispute. The Ancient Greek word "μῆλον" also means sheep or goat.[2] Homer in his Odyssey describes how Odysseus sacrificed two goats (μήλα) when he reaches the underworld.[3]
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Because of this, the Roman goddess corresponding to the Greek Eris was named "Discordia". Also, in German and in Dutch, the words are used a lot more often colloquially than in English, though in German the colloquial form is not Apfel der Zwietracht (lit. "Apple of Discord") but Zankapfel ("Quarrel-apple") and rarely Erisapfel - the Dutch is Twistappel ("Strife-apple").
In the Eixample district of Barcelona there is a block nicknamed in Spanish: La manzana de la discordia (Catalan: L'illa de la discòrdia), the reason for this usage is because manzana means both "apple" and "city block" in Spanish. It was so named ("block of discord") because it features three different interpretations of Modernisme architecture: Antoni Gaudí's Casa Batlló, Lluís Domènech i Montaner's Casa Lleó Morera and Josep Puig i Cadafalch's Casa Amatller.
The word ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΗΙ (Ancient Greek: καλλίστῃ kallistē(i), Modern Greek: καλλίστη kallisti; "for/to the most beautiful")[4] was inscribed on the Golden Apple of Discord by Eris. Καλλίστῃ is the dative singular of the feminine superlative of καλός, beautiful. In Latin sources, the word is pulcerrimae.
Since the wedding of Peleus and Thetis was held on Mount Pelion in Magnesia, the inscription would have been in the local Cumae alphabet. Nestor's Cup provides a close example.
The word Kallisti has become a principal symbol of the modern religion Discordianism. In non-philological texts (such as Discordian ones) the word is usually spelled (via back-translation) as καλλιστι, while most versions of Principia Discordia actually spell use καλλιχτι. In the afterword of the 1979 Loompanics edition, the author Gregory Hill said that was because on his IBM typewriter not all Greek letters coincided with Latin ones and he didn't know enough at the time to spot the mistake.
The Apple of Eden or Apple of Discourse have 19th cenury B.C. origins involving the Hattian and Gnostic lore. The Apple of Discourse or Apple of Eden represent humanity's inability to understand the world above the necessity of self-preservation.
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