Antimony tetroxide

Antimony tetroxide
IUPAC name

antimony(III,V) oxide
Identifiers
CAS number 12786-74-2, 1332-81-6
Properties
Molecular formula SbO2; Sb2O4
Molar mass 153.7588; 307.5176 g/mol
Appearance white solid
Density 6.64 g/cm3 (orthorhombic form) [1]
Melting point

dec.
Boiling point

dec.
Solubility in water insoluble
Refractive index (nD) 2.0
Structure
Crystal structure orthorhombic
Hazards
NFPA 704
1
2
0
Related compounds
Related compounds Antimony trioxide
Antimony pentoxide
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Antimony tetroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O4. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite,[2] is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. The material, with empirical formula SbO2, is called antimony tetroxide to signify the presence of two kinds of Sb centers.

Formation and structure

The material forms when Sb2O3 is heated in air:[3]

Sb2O3 + 0.5 O2 → Sb2O4 ΔH = −187 kJ/mol

At 800 °C, antimony(V) oxide loses oxygen to give the same material:

Sb2O5 → Sb2O4 + 0.5 O2 ΔH = −64 kJ/mol

The material is mixed valence, containing both Sb(V) and Sb(III) centers. Two polymorphs are known, one orthorhombic (shown in the infobox) and one monoclinic.[1] Both forms feature octahedral Sb(V) centers arranged in sheets with distorted Sb(III) centers bound to four oxides.

References

  1. ^ a b J. Amador, E. Gutierrez Puebla, M. A. Monge, I. Rasines, and C. Ruiz Valero "Diantimony Tetraoxides Revisited" Inorganic Chemistry 1988, Volume 27, pp. 1367–1370. doi:10.1021/ic00281a011
  2. ^ "Cervantite". Webminerals. http://webmineral.com/data/Cervantite.shtml. Retrieved 2009-06-06. 
  3. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.