The term Anglican Use has two meanings. First, it refers to parish churches founded by former Episcopalians, members of the United States' branch of the Anglican Communion, who have joined the Catholic Church (in particular, the Latin Rite). These parishes maintain some of the features of Anglicanism and have been established in the Catholic Church under the Pastoral Provision of 1980 issued by Pope John Paul II. Anglican Use parishes currently exist only in the United States. Many Anglican Use priests are former clergy of the Episcopal Church and most are married. In November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI issued the Apostolic Constitution Anglicanorum Coetibus, authorizing the establishment of personal ordinariates for former Anglicans. The first Ordinariate was established in England on January 15, 2011 under the title of Our Lady of Walsingham. At the meeting of the US Conference of Catholic Bishops in November 2011 it was announced that the Personal Ordinariate for the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012. It is expected that many of the parishes currently under the Anglican Use will enter the Ordinariate at that time.
Second, Anglican Use refers to the particular form of worship used in those churches, which is found in the Book of Divine Worship. The liturgy can be used outside of Anglican Use parishes with the proper permission from the local Roman Catholic bishop.
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Officially a variation of the widely used Roman Rite, the Anglican Use liturgy reflects many influences, including the Sarum Use, the English Missal, and the 1928 and 1979 versions of the Episcopal Book of Common Prayer, as well as the Roman Missal. The regular Sunday Mass is based on a 16th-century translation of the Latin Tridentine Mass and is similar to Anglo-Catholic services, altered to conform to all Roman Catholic doctrine. Distinctive features of such masses include 16th century English (e.g., "thee" and "thou"), greater use of incense and bell-ringing, the altar placed against the eastern wall, celebration of Solemn High Mass with the assistance of a deacon and subdeacon, and more traditional music, chants, and English hymns. Gender roles are also more traditional. All ceremonies are performed in English.
Anglican Use was created following the issuance of the Pastoral Provision. In addition to establishing the liturgy and allowing for the parishes, the Pastoral Provision permits, on a case-by-case basis, the ordination of married men into the priesthood of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. The Pastoral Provision and the permission to celebrate the Anglican Use are not necessarily linked. Not all former Episcopal clergy have permission to celebrate using Anglican Use.
Anglican Use is a particular form of worship within the western Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. The Latin Rite includes the widely practiced and most common Roman Rite as well as Anglican Use, the Ambrosian Rite of Milan, the Mozarabic Rite in parts of Spain, Braga Rite in some parts of northern Portugal, Zaire Use in some parts of Africa, and other liturgical forms. The Catholic Church also includes several Eastern Catholic Churches, which are alongside the Latin Rite but not within it.
Anglican Use should not be confused with Anglo-Catholic liturgies performed by parishes either within the Anglican Communion or in the Continuing Anglican Movement. These parishes are not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. Many of these churches use the description "Catholic" because they differentiate between Roman Catholicism and being essentially Catholic in doctrine but without acceptance of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.
Other former Episcopal and Anglican parishes have left Anglican denominations for Western Rite Orthodoxy and have become part of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia or the Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate.[1]
Anglican Use parishes currently are few and found only in certain dioceses of the United States. Any group of Anglicans seeking to join the Catholic Church and become an Anglican Use parish must have the permission of the local Catholic bishop.
On 16 November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI announced the intended creation of new structures within the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church for former Anglicans. The apostolic constitution, Anglicanorum coetibus, allows for the creation of personal ordinariates to be made up of and led by former Anglicans.[2] It is expected that all current Anglican Use parishes currently under diocesan bishops will join a newly created Anglican ordinariate and that the liturgy of the new ordinariates will be similar to the current Anglican Use.[3]
The ordinariates would be treated largely as independent dioceses with their own liturgical practices based upon Anglican tradition and with the independent training of new priests in those traditions. The ordinariates can be led by a bishop or a priest. In practice, these ordinariates will be similar in structure to that of a military ordinariate, such as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States.
The creation of the ordinariates was said by representatives of the Vatican to be in response to appeals from various Anglican groups around the world, such as the Traditional Anglican Communion. [4]
The first Anglican ordinariate, the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham was created in England and Wales on 15 January 2011.[5] About 900 former Anglicans in the United Kingdom, including 61 clergy, were expected to become members of the ordinariate during Holy Week 2011.
It has been announced that an Anglican ordinariate in the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012. <ref[2]</ref> The establishment of an Anglican ordinariate in Canada is expected by mid-year 2012. [6] Another Anglican ordinariate had been expected to established in Australia by Easter 2011, but it has been indefinitely delayed.[7]
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