Shaikh Ahmad Khatib (1860 – 1916) was a Minangkabau Indonesian Islamic teacher. He was born in Koto Gadang, Agam Regency, West Sumatra on 6 Dzulhijjah 1276 H (1860 M) and died in Mecca on 8 Jumadil Awal 1334 H (1916 M). He served as the head (imam) of the Shafi'i school of law at the mosque of Mecca (Masjid al-Haram). Many Indonesian Islamic reformist leaders learned from him, including Ahmad Dahlan, as founder Muhammadiyah and Hasyim Asyari, as founder Nahdlatul Ulama. .
Ahmad Khatib was a fundamentalist Muslim. He refused about matrilineal system in Minangkabau. Through Minangkabau students who learned in Mecca, he sponsored a modified Minangkabau culture based on al-Quran.
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