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Glabrousness (from Latin glaber = bald, hairless) is the technical term for an anatomically atypical lack of hair, down, or similar structures. This may be natural or due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis, which causes hair to fall out or prevents its growth.
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In botany and mycology, glabrous is an adjective used to describe a morphological feature as smooth, glossy, having no trichomes (bristles or hair-like structures), or glaucousness (see also indumentum). No plants have hair, although some structures may resemble it. Glabrous features may be an important means of identifying flora species. Glabrous characteristics of leaves, stems, and fruit are commonly used in plant keys.
The term is only used for features that lack trichomes at all times. When an organ has trichomes that are lost with age, the term used is glabrescent.
In varying degrees most mammals, who are the only animals bearing hair, have some skin areas without natural hair. On the human body, glabrous skin is external skin that naturally is hairless. It is found on the ventral portion of the fingers, palmar surfaces of hands, soles of feet, lips, labia minora, and glans penis.
Tinea corporis is a mycosis that targets glabrous skin. [1]
There are four main types of mechanoreceptors in the glabrous skin of humans; Pacinian corpuscles, Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's discs, and Ruffini corpuscles.
Recently, the term glabrousness also has been applied to human fashions, wherein some participate in culturally motivated hair removal by depilation (surface removal by shaving, dissolving), or epilation (removal of the entire hair, such as waxing or plucking).
Although the appearance of secondary hair on parts of the human body is a sign of puberty, and therefore, a sign of reaching adulthood, removal of this and other hair may become fashionable in some cultures and subcultures. In many Western cultures men currently are encouraged to shave their beards and women are encouraged to remove hair growth on various areas. Commonly depilated areas for women are the underarms and legs. Pubic hair may be removed partially or entirely. Some individuals even depilate the forearms. In recent years, bodily depilation has increased in popularity among some subcultures of Western males.[2] Many people fail to follow such fashions along with some who oppose concepts perceived to be the motivation for these practices, be it commercial or subcultural.
As with any cosmetic practice, the particulars of hair removal have changed over the years. Western female depilation has been significantly influenced by the evolution of clothing in the past century. Leg and underarm shaving became popular again in Western society with the advent of off-the-shoulder dresses, higher hemlines, and transparent stockings. The reduction of the minimum acceptable standards for bodily coverage over recent years has resulted in the exposure of more flesh, giving rise to even more extensive hair removal.[3]
Encouragement by commercial interests may be seen in advertising. At present, this has resulted in the "Brazilian waxing" trend, a term used to describe the partial or full removal of pubic hair, as the thongs worn on Brazilian beaches are too small to conceal very much of it. Indeed, a culture is now emerging around "intimate shaving" and other hair removal options geared specifically toward pubic hair. (cf. bikini waxing) What was once kept a personal secret now is discussed more openly, although still in carefully non-explicit language, as advertised in magazines and on television.
"Acomoclitism" (from Greek κομη = hair, negation prefix α-, and κλιτικος = having a preference, from κλινειν = to lean, κλιτυς = a slope) is a subcultural term denoting a preference for hairless genitals that does not appear in standard English or medical dictionaries.[4] It does appear in some specialized dictionaries. [5] "Acomoclitic" is a similar, backward-formed non-standard adjective describing anyone with this personal preference among users of the words.
In ancient Egypt, depilation was commonly practiced to prevent infestation by lice. Typically, tweezers were used to pluck out individual hairs. In both Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, the removal of body and pubic hair may have been practiced among both men and women. It is represented in some artistic depictions of male and female nudity, examples of which may be seen in some red figure pottery of Ancient Greece on which both men and women were depicted without body or pubic hair.
The majority of Muslims believe that the Sunnah and part of the Fitrah, direct all adults to remove pubic hair and underarm hair as a hygienic measure.[6]
At the opposite pole in cultural practices, baptized Sikhs are specifically instructed never to cut, shave, or otherwise remove any hair on their bodies; this is a major tenet of the Sikh faith (see Kesh).
In the clothes free movement, the term "smoothie" often is used to describe an individual who has removed most of their hair. In the past, such practices were frowned upon and in some cases, members of clothes-free clubs were forbidden to remove their pubic hair: violators could face exclusion from the club. Enthusiasts grouped together and formed societies of their own that catered to that fashion and the fashion became more popular, with smoothies becoming a major percentage at some nudist venues.[7] The first Smoothie club (TSC) was founded by a British couple in 1991.[8] A Dutch branch was founded in 1993 [9] in order to give the idea of a hairless body greater publicity in the Netherlands. Being a Smoothie is described by its supporters as exceptionally comfortable and liberating. The Smoothy-Club is also a branch of the World of the Nudest Nudist (WNN) and organizes nudist ship cruises and nudist events every month. Every year in spring the club organizes the international Smoothy days. In the U.K. the SCN Naturist Club for "Smooth Ladies and Smooth and Circumcised Gentlemen" was formed in 1996. Although the SCN club closed in 2001 after five successful years, its well respected SCN website continues to promote the club's hairless fashion.
Athletes may depilate as an enhancement to their abilities. For example, male and female competitive swimmers may remove their body and pubic hair in order to help streamline their bodies and to allow their swimsuits to fit more closely to their bodies. Bicyclists also remove body hair to decrease the effects of "road rash" by minimizing the tearing action of hair against pavement during a bike crash and to provide easier injury clean-up afterward. Hairfree legs also are described as increasing the comfort and effectiveness of sport massages.
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