AXIN1

Axin 1

PDB rendering based on 1dk8.
Identifiers
Symbols AXIN1; AXIN; MGC52315
External IDs OMIM: 603816 MGI: 1096327 HomoloGene: 2614 GeneCards: AXIN1 Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 8312 12005
Ensembl ENSG00000103126 ENSMUSG00000024182
UniProt O15169 Q6IS36
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003502.3 XM_914907
RefSeq (protein) NP_003493.1 XP_920000
Location (UCSC) Chr 16:
0.34 – 0.4 Mb		 Chr 17:
26.28 – 26.33 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

Axin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AXIN1 gene.[1]

This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which contains a regulation of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain and a dishevelled and axin (DIX) domain. The encoded protein interacts with adenomatosis polyposis coli, catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, protein phosphate 2, and itself. This protein functions as a negative regulator of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 (WNT) signaling pathway and can induce apoptosis. The crystal structure of a portion of this protein, alone and in a complex with other proteins, has been resolved. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastomas, ovarian endometriod adenocarcinomas, and medullablastomas. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.[2]

Interactions

AXIN1 has been shown to interact with Beta-catenin,[3][4] GSK3B,[3][5] TSC2,[5] APC,[3] LRP5,[6][7] DVL1,[8][7] MAP3K1,[9][10] CSNK1E,[9] Casein kinase 1, alpha 1[9] and PPP2R5A.[11]

References

  1. ^ Zeng L, Fagotto F, Zhang T, Hsu W, Vasicek TJ, Perry WL 3rd, Lee JJ, Tilghman SM, Gumbiner BM, Costantini F (Aug 1997). "The mouse Fused locus encodes Axin, an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway that regulates embryonic axis formation". Cell 90 (1): 181–92. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80324-4. PMID 9230313. 
  2. ^ "Entrez Gene: AXIN1 axin 1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8312. 
  3. ^ a b c Nakamura, T; Hamada F, Ishidate T, Anai K, Kawahara K, Toyoshima K, Akiyama T (Jun. 1998). "Axin, an inhibitor of the Wnt signalling pathway, interacts with beta-catenin, GSK-3beta and APC and reduces the beta-catenin level". Genes Cells (ENGLAND) 3 (6): 395–403. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.1998.00198.x. ISSN 1356-9597. PMID 9734785. 
  4. ^ Hocevar, B A; Mou F, Rennolds J L, Morris S M, Cooper J A, Howe P H (Jun. 2003). "Regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway by disabled-2 (Dab2)". EMBO J. (England) 22 (12): 3084–94. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg286. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 162138. PMID 12805222. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=162138. 
  5. ^ a b Mak, Baldwin C; Takemaru Ken-Ichi, Kenerson Heidi L, Moon Randall T, Yeung Raymond S (Feb. 2003). "The tuberin-hamartin complex negatively regulates beta-catenin signaling activity". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (8): 5947–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200473200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12511557. 
  6. ^ Mao, J; Wang J, Liu B, Pan W, Farr G H, Flynn C, Yuan H, Takada S, Kimelman D, Li L, Wu D (Apr. 2001). "Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-5 binds to Axin and regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway". Mol. Cell (United States) 7 (4): 801–9. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00224-6. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 11336703. 
  7. ^ a b Kim, Min Jung; Chia Ian V, Costantini Frank (Nov. 2008). "SUMOylation target sites at the C terminus protect Axin from ubiquitination and confer protein stability". FASEB J. (United States) 22 (11): 3785–94. doi:10.1096/fj.08-113910. PMC 2574027. PMID 18632848. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2574027. 
  8. ^ Li, L; Yuan H, Weaver C D, Mao J, Farr G H, Sussman D J, Jonkers J, Kimelman D, Wu D (Aug. 1999). "Axin and Frat1 interact with dvl and GSK, bridging Dvl to GSK in Wnt-mediated regulation of LEF-1". EMBO J. (ENGLAND) 18 (15): 4233–40. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.15.4233. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1171499. PMID 10428961. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1171499. 
  9. ^ a b c Zhang, Yi; Qiu Wen-Jie, Chan Siu Chiu, Han Jiahuai, He Xi, Lin Sheng-Cai (May. 2002). "Casein kinase I and casein kinase II differentially regulate axin function in Wnt and JNK pathways". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (20): 17706–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111982200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11884395. 
  10. ^ Zhang, Y; Neo S Y, Han J, Lin S C (Aug. 2000). "Dimerization choices control the ability of axin and dishevelled to activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (32): 25008–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002491200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10829020. 
  11. ^ Yamamoto, H; Hinoi T, Michiue T, Fukui A, Usui H, Janssens V, Van Hoof C, Goris J, Asashima M, Kikuchi A (Jul. 2001). "Inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway by the PR61 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (29): 26875–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100443200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11297546. 

Further reading