AKAP13
A-kinase anchor protein 13 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKAP13 gene.[1][2][3]
The A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are a group of structurally diverse proteins, which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. This gene encodes a member of the AKAP family. Alternative splicing of this gene results in at least 3 transcript variants encoding different isoforms containing a dbl oncogene homology (DH) domain and a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. The DH domain is associated with guanine nucleotide exchange activation for the Rho/Rac family of small GTP binding proteins, resulting in the conversion of the inactive GTPase to the active form capable of transducing signals. The PH domain has multiple functions. Therefore, these isoforms function as scaffolding proteins to coordinate a Rho signaling pathway and, in addition, function as protein kinase A-anchoring proteins.[3]
Interactions
AKAP13 has been shown to interact with Estrogen receptor alpha,[1] CTNNAL1[4] and PRKAR2A.[5][6]
References
- ^ a b Rubino D, Driggers P, Arbit D, Kemp L, Miller B, Coso O, Pagliai K, Gray K, Gutkind S, Segars J (Jul 1998). "Characterization of Brx, a novel Dbl family member that modulates estrogen receptor action". Oncogene 16 (19): 2513–26. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201783. PMID 9627117.
- ^ Carr DW, Stofko-Hahn RE, Fraser ID, Bishop SM, Acott TS, Brennan RG, Scott JD (Sep 1991). "Interaction of the regulatory subunit (RII) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase with RII-anchoring proteins occurs through an amphipathic helix binding motif". J Biol Chem 266 (22): 14188–92. PMID 1860836.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: AKAP13 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=11214.
- ^ Park, Brian; Nguyen Nhan T, Dutt Parmesh, Merdek Keith D, Bashar Mariam, Sterpetti Paola, Tosolini Alessandra, Testa Joseph R, Toksoz Deniz (Nov. 2002). "Association of Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor with alpha-catenin-related protein, alpha-catulin/CTNNAL1, supports serum response factor activation". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (47): 45361–70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202447200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12270917.
- ^ Alto, Neal M; Soderling Scott H, Hoshi Naoto, Langeberg Lorene K, Fayos Rosa, Jennings Patricia A, Scott John D (Apr. 2003). "Bioinformatic design of A-kinase anchoring protein-in silico: a potent and selective peptide antagonist of type II protein kinase A anchoring". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 100 (8): 4445–50. doi:10.1073/pnas.0330734100. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 153575. PMID 12672969. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=153575.
- ^ Carr, D W; Hausken Z E, Fraser I D, Stofko-Hahn R E, Scott J D (Jul. 1992). "Association of the type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase with a human thyroid RII-anchoring protein. Cloning and characterization of the RII-binding domain". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 267 (19): 13376–82. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 1618839.
Further reading
- Carr DW, Hausken ZE, Fraser ID, et al. (1992). "Association of the type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase with a human thyroid RII-anchoring protein. Cloning and characterization of the RII-binding domain.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (19): 13376–82. PMID 1618839.
- Hausken ZE, Coghlan VM, Hastings CA, et al. (1994). "Type II regulatory subunit (RII) of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase interaction with A-kinase anchor proteins requires isoleucines 3 and 5.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (39): 24245–51. PMID 7929081.
- Toksoz D, Williams DA (1994). "Novel human oncogene lbc detected by transfection with distinct homology regions to signal transduction products.". Oncogene 9 (2): 621–8. PMID 8290273.
- Sterpetti P, Hack AA, Bashar MP, et al. (1999). "Activation of the Lbc Rho exchange factor proto-oncogene by truncation of an extended C terminus that regulates transformation and targeting.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (2): 1334–45. PMC 116062. PMID 9891067. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=116062.
- Sagi SA, Seasholtz TM, Kobiashvili M, et al. (2001). "Physical and functional interactions of Galphaq with Rho and its exchange factors.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (18): 15445–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008961200. PMC 1761691. PMID 11278452. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1761691.
- Newlon MG, Roy M, Morikis D, et al. (2001). "A novel mechanism of PKA anchoring revealed by solution structures of anchoring complexes.". EMBO J. 20 (7): 1651–62. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.7.1651. PMC 145475. PMID 11285229. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=145475.
- Diviani D, Soderling J, Scott JD (2001). "AKAP-Lbc anchors protein kinase A and nucleates Galpha 12-selective Rho-mediated stress fiber formation.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (47): 44247–57. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106629200. PMID 11546812.
- Driggers PH, Segars JH, Rubino DM (2002). "The proto-oncoprotein Brx activates estrogen receptor beta by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (50): 46792–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106927200. PMID 11579095.
- Klussmann E, Edemir B, Pepperle B, et al. (2001). "Ht31: the first protein kinase A anchoring protein to integrate protein kinase A and Rho signaling.". FEBS Lett. 507 (3): 264–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02995-7. PMID 11696353.
- Park B, Nguyen NT, Dutt P, et al. (2003). "Association of Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor with alpha-catenin-related protein, alpha-catulin/CTNNAL1, supports serum response factor activation.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (47): 45361–70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202447200. PMID 12270917.
- Tan YC, Wu H, Wang WN, et al. (2003). "Characterization of the interactions between the small GTPase RhoA and its guanine nucleotide exchange factors.". Anal. Biochem. 310 (2): 156–62. doi:10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00382-2. PMID 12423633.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Spierings E, Brickner AG, Caldwell JA, et al. (2003). "The minor histocompatibility antigen HA-3 arises from differential proteasome-mediated cleavage of the lymphoid blast crisis (Lbc) oncoprotein.". Blood 102 (2): 621–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-01-0260. PMID 12663445.
- Alto NM, Soderling SH, Hoshi N, et al. (2003). "Bioinformatic design of A-kinase anchoring protein-in silico: a potent and selective peptide antagonist of type II protein kinase A anchoring.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (8): 4445–50. doi:10.1073/pnas.0330734100. PMC 153575. PMID 12672969. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=153575.
- Hornemann T, Kempa S, Himmel M, et al. (2003). "Muscle-type creatine kinase interacts with central domains of the M-band proteins myomesin and M-protein.". J. Mol. Biol. 332 (4): 877–87. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00921-5. PMID 12972258.
- Dutt P, Nguyen N, Toksoz D (2004). "Role of Lbc RhoGEF in Galpha12/13-induced signals to Rho GTPase.". Cell. Signal. 16 (2): 201–9. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(03)00132-3. PMID 14636890.
- Chen LY, Zuraw BL, Ye RD, Pan ZK (2004). "A Rho exchange factor mediates fMet-Leu-Phe-induced NF-kappaB activation in human peripheral blood monocytes.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (8): 7208–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309542200. PMID 14660653.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.