| 6×45mm | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Rifle, Handgun | |
| Place of origin | USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Designed | 1965 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Parent case | .223 Remington | |
| Case type | Rimless, bottleneck | |
| Bullet diameter | 0.243 (6 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | 0.272 in (6.9 mm) | |
| Shoulder diameter | 0.354 in (9.0 mm) | |
| Base diameter | 0.377 in (9.6 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | 0.378 in (9.6 mm) | |
| Rim thickness | 0.045 in (1.1 mm) | |
| Case length | 1.76 in (45 mm) | |
| Case capacity | 26.9 gr H2O (1.749 cm³) | |
| Primer type | Small rifle | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 75 gr (4.9 g) SP | 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s) | 1,214 ft·lbf (1,646 J) |
| 80 gr (5.2 g) SP | 2,650 ft/s (810 m/s) | 1,248 ft·lbf (1,692 J) |
| 90 gr (5.8 g) SP | 2,540 ft/s (770 m/s) | 1,300 ft·lbf (1,800 J) |
| 100 gr (6.5 g) SP | 2,400 ft/s (730 m/s) | 1,279 ft·lbf (1,734 J) |
The 6×45mm is a rimless, bottlenecked cartridge based on the .223 Remington or 5.56 NATO cartridge necked up to .243 (6mm). The cartridge is also known as the 6mm-223 Remington or 6mm/223.
Contents |
Soon after the release of the .223 Remington as a commercial cartridge, shooters began experimenting with the cartridge in an attempt to improve its performance.[1] Several of these experimenters necked up the .223 Remington to 6mm as the .24 (6.1 mm) caliber bullets provided better external ballistic performance over .22 (5.7 mm) caliber bullets. While several variation existed between early versions of these cartridges, the 6×45mm as we know it today became the standard version of the cartridge which is simply a necked up version of the .223 Remington without any further modifications or improvements made to it.
The cartridge’s inherent accuracy was a carry over from the .222 Remington which already had a loyal following in benchrest shooting fraternity.[2] Benchrest shooters soon took notice of the cartridge and began building custom rifles chambered for the cartridge. As a testament to the 6×45mm’s accuracy, Jim Stekl, who at that time managed Remington’s custom shop and developer of the .22 BR cartridge, scored an aggregate record of .3069 inches (7.80 mm) in the 1973 IBS 200 yard Sporter category. However, its use in competitive shooting waned with the arrival of the 6mm BR and 6mm PPC cartridges on the benchrest shooting scene.[3]
The advantage of the 6×45mm over the .223 Remington is that it is capable of being loaded with heavier bullets with better ballistic coefficient ratings than its parent cartridge, the .223 Remington. This results in a flatter trajectory, less susceptible to wind drift and with better energy retention characteristics.
The cartridge is extremely efficient with its small powder charge. This translated to excellent barrel life. The cartridge has a very low recoil and muzzle blast which make it a pleasant cartridge to shoot.
Since the cartridge was never commercially adopted by an ammunition manufacturer, it has remained a wildcat cartridge since its inception. However, making cases from existing .223 Remington brass is as simple as running the case through a 6×45mm die. The availability of .223 cases, the ease of forming, and the light power charge make for a very affordable shooting cartridge.
The advantage of the 6×45 mm over the .223 Remington is that it is capable of being loaded with heavier bullets with better ballistic coefficient ratings than its parent cartridge, the .223 Remington. This results in a flatter trajectory (with bullets of similar weight), less susceptibility to wind drift and better energy retention characteristics.
| Cartridge | Criteria | Muzzle | 50 yd (46 m) | 100 yd (91 m) | 150 yd (140 m) | 200 yd (180 m) | 300 yd (270 m) |
| .223 Remington 55 grains (3.6 g) Sierra FMJ-BT[4] | Velocity | 3,300 ft/s (1,000 m/s) | 3,110 ft/s (950 m/s) | 2,929 ft/s (893 m/s) | 2,754 ft/s (839 m/s) | 2,587 ft/s (789 m/s) | 2,269 ft/s (692 m/s) |
| Energy | 1,330 ft·lbf (1,800 J) | 1,181 ft·lbf (1,601 J) | 1,047 ft·lbf (1,420 J) | 926 ft·lbf (1,255 J) | 817 ft·lbf (1,108 J) | 629 ft·lbf (853 J) | |
| 6×45mm 90 grains (5.8 g) Sierra FMJ-BT[3] | Velocity | 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s) | 2,580 ft/s (790 m/s) | 2,462 ft/s (750 m/s) | 2,348 ft/s (716 m/s) | 2,237 ft/s (682 m/s) | 2,023 ft/s (617 m/s) |
| Energy | 1,457 ft·lbf (1,975 J) | 1,330 ft·lbf (1,800 J) | 1,212 ft·lbf (1,643 J) | 1,102 ft·lbf (1,494 J) | 1,000 ft·lbf (1,400 J) | 818 ft·lbf (1,109 J) | |
| Values courtesy of the Hornady Ballistic Calculator[5] | |||||||
The 6×45 mm is a wildcat cartridge and has not been standardized by any agency nor has it been offered a a proprietary cartridge by any ammunition manufacturer. Some specialty rifle makers such as those that sell varmint rifles offer rifles chambered in this cartridge.[6] Specifications for the cartridge are derived from the necked up parent cartridge without further improvement.
The cartridge maximum overall length is nominally given as 2.230-inch (56.6 mm), however, as the cartridge is a wildcat cartridge chamber dimensions may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. For this reason overall length of the cartridge may vary.
Many countries and many U.S. states require a minimum of .24 caliber (6.1 mm) for hunting certain game species, such as deer. In such countries and states the 6×45mm would be legal for hunting as long as no further requirement regarding power, energy, or case length is stipulated. However, it should be considered a marginal cartridge for these game species at best.[7]
The cartridge gained a following in South Africa where it was used to hunt small antelope and gazelle species such as duiker, impala, klipspringer, springbok and the Thompson’s gazelles. In North America it is capable of taking small predator species such as bobcats, coyotes and foxes. In Europe, it can be used for small goat and deer species such as the roe deer and chamois where legally permitted.
An improved version of the cartridge called the 6mm TCU was developed for metallic silhouette shooting. While the cartridges are quite similar they are not interchangeable.[8]
The AR-15/M-16 can easily be converted to the 6×45mm with a simple barrel swap with few or no further modifications to the rifle. This is also true for rifles such as Ruger’s Mini 14 and most bolt action rifles chambered for the .223 Remington cartridge.[1] The 6×45mm cartridge provides better down range performance than the .223 Remington or the 5.56 NATO cartridges. The cartridge had been offered by Cooper Arms, Kimber and a few other rifle manufacturers in their rifles as a regular factory chambering for a period of time.[3]
However, the cartridge’s breakthrough was in the area of handgun hunting where it became very popular. The bolt action Remington XP-100 pistol and the break-open Thompson/Center Contender handgun were chambered for the cartridge.[1] It provided a flat shooting cartridge capable of taking small deer and small game species.