Luteolin | |
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2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)- 5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromenone |
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Other names
Luteolol |
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Identifiers | |
CAS number | 491-70-3 |
PubChem | 5280445 |
UNII | KUX1ZNC9J2 |
ChEMBL | CHEMBL151 |
Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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Properties | |
Molecular formula | C15H10O6 |
Molar mass | 286.24 g mol−1 |
Exact mass | 286.047738 |
(verify) (what is: / ?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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Infobox references |
Luteolin is a yellow crystalline compound. It is a flavonoid; to be specific, it is one of the more common flavones.[1] From preliminary research, it is thought to play a role in the human body possibly as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, a promoter of carbohydrate metabolism, or an immune system modulator. If applicable to the human condition, these characteristics may inhibit cancer mechanisms. Basic research results indicate luteolin as an anti-inflammatory agent[2] with other potential effects on septic shock. It has been suggested for multiple sclerosis on the basis of in vitro work.[3]
Luteolin is most often found in leaves, but it is also seen in celery, thyme, dandelion, rinds, barks, clover blossom, and ragweed pollen.[1] It has also been isolated from Salvia tomentosa.[4] Dietary sources include celery, green pepper, thyme, perilla, chamomile tea, carrots, olive oil, peppermint, rosemary, navel oranges, and oregano.[5][6]
Luteolin acts as a monoamine transporter activator, and is one of the few chemicals demonstrated to possess this property.[7]
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Luteolin is a PDE4 inhibitor and a general phosphodiesterase inhibitor,[8] and an Interleukin 6 inhibitor.[2]
It significantly reversed the xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in mice.[9]
Preclinical studies have shown that luteolin may possess pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. From preliminary research, the ability of luteolin to inhibit angiogenesis, to induce apoptosis, to affect carcinogenesis in animal models, to possibly reduce tumor growth in vivo, and to sensitize tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of some anticancer drugs suggests that this flavonoid may have cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential. Modulation of ROS levels, inhibition of topoisomerases I and II, reduction of NFkappaB and AP-1 activity, stabilization of p53, and inhibition of PI3K, STAT3, IGF1R, and HER2 are possible mechanisms involved in the putative biological activities of luteolin.[10]
Gastrointestinal adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting and gastric hypersecretion, may occur.
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